Measuring the Measures: Discriminative Capacity of Representational Similarity Metrics Across Model Families

Fuente: arXiv
Enregistré dans:
Détails bibliographiques
Auteurs principaux: Wu, Jialin, Saha, Shreya, Bo, Yiqing, Khosla, Meenakshi
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2025
Sujets:
Accès en ligne:
Tags: Ajouter un tag
Pas de tags, Soyez le premier à ajouter un tag!
_version_ 1866917133330415616
author Wu, Jialin
Saha, Shreya
Bo, Yiqing
Khosla, Meenakshi
author_facet Wu, Jialin
Saha, Shreya
Bo, Yiqing
Khosla, Meenakshi
contents Representational similarity metrics are fundamental tools in neuroscience and AI, yet we lack systematic comparisons of their discriminative power across model families. We introduce a quantitative framework to evaluate representational similarity measures based on their ability to separate model families-across architectures (CNNs, Vision Transformers, Swin Transformers, ConvNeXt) and training regimes (supervised vs. self-supervised). Using three complementary separability measures-dprime from signal detection theory, silhouette coefficients and ROC-AUC, we systematically assess the discriminative capacity of commonly used metrics including RSA, linear predictivity, Procrustes, and soft matching. We show that separability systematically increases as metrics impose more stringent alignment constraints. Among mapping-based approaches, soft-matching achieves the highest separability, followed by Procrustes alignment and linear predictivity. Non-fitting methods such as RSA also yield strong separability across families. These results provide the first systematic comparison of similarity metrics through a separability lens, clarifying their relative sensitivity and guiding metric choice for large-scale model and brain comparisons.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_04622
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Measuring the Measures: Discriminative Capacity of Representational Similarity Metrics Across Model Families
Wu, Jialin
Saha, Shreya
Bo, Yiqing
Khosla, Meenakshi
Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
Neural and Evolutionary Computing
Representational similarity metrics are fundamental tools in neuroscience and AI, yet we lack systematic comparisons of their discriminative power across model families. We introduce a quantitative framework to evaluate representational similarity measures based on their ability to separate model families-across architectures (CNNs, Vision Transformers, Swin Transformers, ConvNeXt) and training regimes (supervised vs. self-supervised). Using three complementary separability measures-dprime from signal detection theory, silhouette coefficients and ROC-AUC, we systematically assess the discriminative capacity of commonly used metrics including RSA, linear predictivity, Procrustes, and soft matching. We show that separability systematically increases as metrics impose more stringent alignment constraints. Among mapping-based approaches, soft-matching achieves the highest separability, followed by Procrustes alignment and linear predictivity. Non-fitting methods such as RSA also yield strong separability across families. These results provide the first systematic comparison of similarity metrics through a separability lens, clarifying their relative sensitivity and guiding metric choice for large-scale model and brain comparisons.
title Measuring the Measures: Discriminative Capacity of Representational Similarity Metrics Across Model Families
topic Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
Neural and Evolutionary Computing
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.04622