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CONCERTO: forward modeling of interferograms for calibration

Fuente: arXiv

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Auteurs principaux:	Lundgren, A., Beelen, A., Lagache, G., Desert, F. -X., Fasano, A., Macias-Perez, J., Monfardini, A., Ade, P., Aravena, M., Barria, E., Benoit, A., Bethermin, M., Bounmy, J., Bourrion, O., Bres, G., De Breuck, C., Calvo, M., Catalano, A., Dubois, C., Duran, C. A, Fenouillet, T., Garcia, J., Garde, G., Goupy, J., Hoarau, C., Hu, W., Lambert, J. -C., Levy-Bertrand, F., Marpaud, J., Parra, R., Pisano, G., Ponthieu, N., Prieur, L., Quinatoa, D., Roni, S., Roudier, S., Tourres, D., Tucker, C., Van Cuyck, M.
Format:	Preprint
Publié:	2025
Sujets:	Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Accès en ligne:	Acceder al recurso
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author	Lundgren, A. Beelen, A. Lagache, G. Desert, F. -X. Fasano, A. Macias-Perez, J. Monfardini, A. Ade, P. Aravena, M. Barria, E. Benoit, A. Bethermin, M. Bounmy, J. Bourrion, O. Bres, G. De Breuck, C. Calvo, M. Catalano, A. Dubois, C. Duran, C. A Fenouillet, T. Garcia, J. Garde, G. Goupy, J. Hoarau, C. Hu, W. Lambert, J. -C. Levy-Bertrand, F. Marpaud, J. Parra, R. Pisano, G. Ponthieu, N. Prieur, L. Quinatoa, D. Roni, S. Roudier, S. Tourres, D. Tucker, C. Van Cuyck, M.
author_facet	Lundgren, A. Beelen, A. Lagache, G. Desert, F. -X. Fasano, A. Macias-Perez, J. Monfardini, A. Ade, P. Aravena, M. Barria, E. Benoit, A. Bethermin, M. Bounmy, J. Bourrion, O. Bres, G. De Breuck, C. Calvo, M. Catalano, A. Dubois, C. Duran, C. A Fenouillet, T. Garcia, J. Garde, G. Goupy, J. Hoarau, C. Hu, W. Lambert, J. -C. Levy-Bertrand, F. Marpaud, J. Parra, R. Pisano, G. Ponthieu, N. Prieur, L. Quinatoa, D. Roni, S. Roudier, S. Tourres, D. Tucker, C. Van Cuyck, M.
contents	The CarbON [CII] line in post-rEionisation and ReionisaTiOn epoch (CONCERTO) instrument is a low-resolution mapping Fourier-transform spectrometer, based on lumped-element kinetic inductance detector (LEKID) technology, operating at 130- 310 GHz. It was installed on the 12-meter APEX telescope in Chile in April 2021 and operated until December 2022. CONCERTO's main science goal is to constrain the [CII] line fluctuations at high redshift. To reach that goal CONCERTO observed 1.4 deg2 in the COSMOS field. To ensure accurate calibration of the data, we have developed a forward model capable of simulating both the spectral response and the corresponding interferograms for each scan of observation in the COSMOS field. We present the modeling approach that enables us to reproduce the expected instrument outputs under controlled input conditions and provides a framework for the different calibration steps, including the absolute brightness calibration of the spectra. We constructed a dedicated analysis pipeline to characterize the raw interferometric data (interferograms) obtained under a broad range of atmospheric conditions at APEX. Using the forward model, we measured the interferogram alignment with the optical path difference (zero path difference, ZPD) and the relative response of each KID (flatfield). Together, these elements enable a robust characterization of the instrument's spectral brightness calibration.
format	Preprint
id	arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_04929
institution	arXiv
publishDate	2025
record_format	arxiv
spellingShingle	CONCERTO: forward modeling of interferograms for calibration Lundgren, A. Beelen, A. Lagache, G. Desert, F. -X. Fasano, A. Macias-Perez, J. Monfardini, A. Ade, P. Aravena, M. Barria, E. Benoit, A. Bethermin, M. Bounmy, J. Bourrion, O. Bres, G. De Breuck, C. Calvo, M. Catalano, A. Dubois, C. Duran, C. A Fenouillet, T. Garcia, J. Garde, G. Goupy, J. Hoarau, C. Hu, W. Lambert, J. -C. Levy-Bertrand, F. Marpaud, J. Parra, R. Pisano, G. Ponthieu, N. Prieur, L. Quinatoa, D. Roni, S. Roudier, S. Tourres, D. Tucker, C. Van Cuyck, M. Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics The CarbON [CII] line in post-rEionisation and ReionisaTiOn epoch (CONCERTO) instrument is a low-resolution mapping Fourier-transform spectrometer, based on lumped-element kinetic inductance detector (LEKID) technology, operating at 130- 310 GHz. It was installed on the 12-meter APEX telescope in Chile in April 2021 and operated until December 2022. CONCERTO's main science goal is to constrain the [CII] line fluctuations at high redshift. To reach that goal CONCERTO observed 1.4 deg2 in the COSMOS field. To ensure accurate calibration of the data, we have developed a forward model capable of simulating both the spectral response and the corresponding interferograms for each scan of observation in the COSMOS field. We present the modeling approach that enables us to reproduce the expected instrument outputs under controlled input conditions and provides a framework for the different calibration steps, including the absolute brightness calibration of the spectra. We constructed a dedicated analysis pipeline to characterize the raw interferometric data (interferograms) obtained under a broad range of atmospheric conditions at APEX. Using the forward model, we measured the interferogram alignment with the optical path difference (zero path difference, ZPD) and the relative response of each KID (flatfield). Together, these elements enable a robust characterization of the instrument's spectral brightness calibration.
title	CONCERTO: forward modeling of interferograms for calibration
topic	Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
url	https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.04929