Observation of an Accreting Planetary-Mass Companion with Signs of Disk-Disk Interaction in Orion
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Vila, Emilie Amiot, Paul Berné, Olivier Schroetter, Ilane Haworth, Thomas Zeidler, Peter Boersma, Christiaan Cami, Jan Fuente, Asuncion Goicoechea, Javier R. Onaka, Takashi Peeters, Els Robberto, Massimo Röllig, Markus |
| author_facet | Vila, Emilie Amiot, Paul Berné, Olivier Schroetter, Ilane Haworth, Thomas Zeidler, Peter Boersma, Christiaan Cami, Jan Fuente, Asuncion Goicoechea, Javier R. Onaka, Takashi Peeters, Els Robberto, Massimo Röllig, Markus |
| contents | Young ($\lesssim 10$ Myr) planetary-mass companions (PMCs) provide valuable insights into the formation and early evolution of planetary systems. To date, only a dozen such objects have been identified through direct imaging. Using JWST/NIRCam observations towards the Orion Nebula, obtained as part of the \textit{PDRs4All} Early Release Science program, we have identified a faint point source near the M-type star V2376 Ori. Follow-up spectroscopic observations with the MUSE instrument on the VLT confirm that the source, V2376 Ori b, is indeed a young planetary-mass companion. It is a member of Orion D, around 80\,pc in the foreground of the Trapezium cluster of Orion and with an age of approximately $7 \pm 3$ Myr. We fit the SED of V2376 Ori b to infer a mass of $ \sim 20~M_{\rm Jup}$. The MUSE spectrum reveals several accretion tracers. Based on the H$α$ line intensity, we estimate an accretion rate of $\sim$10$^{-6.5 \pm 0.7}~\rm M_{Jup}\,yr^{-1}$, which is comparable to that of young PMCs such as PDS~70b. In addition, the MUSE data cube reveals extended emission in the [O\,\textsc{ii}] doublet at 7320 and 7330~Å, which is interpreted as evidence of a dynamical interaction between the two sources that, potentially, involves mass transfer between their individual accretion disks. These results demonstrate that JWST/NIRCam imaging surveys of young stellar associations can uncover new PMCs, which can then be confirmed and characterized through ground-based spectroscopic follow-up. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_04944 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Observation of an Accreting Planetary-Mass Companion with Signs of Disk-Disk Interaction in Orion Vila, Emilie Amiot, Paul Berné, Olivier Schroetter, Ilane Haworth, Thomas Zeidler, Peter Boersma, Christiaan Cami, Jan Fuente, Asuncion Goicoechea, Javier R. Onaka, Takashi Peeters, Els Robberto, Massimo Röllig, Markus Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies Solar and Stellar Astrophysics Young ($\lesssim 10$ Myr) planetary-mass companions (PMCs) provide valuable insights into the formation and early evolution of planetary systems. To date, only a dozen such objects have been identified through direct imaging. Using JWST/NIRCam observations towards the Orion Nebula, obtained as part of the \textit{PDRs4All} Early Release Science program, we have identified a faint point source near the M-type star V2376 Ori. Follow-up spectroscopic observations with the MUSE instrument on the VLT confirm that the source, V2376 Ori b, is indeed a young planetary-mass companion. It is a member of Orion D, around 80\,pc in the foreground of the Trapezium cluster of Orion and with an age of approximately $7 \pm 3$ Myr. We fit the SED of V2376 Ori b to infer a mass of $ \sim 20~M_{\rm Jup}$. The MUSE spectrum reveals several accretion tracers. Based on the H$α$ line intensity, we estimate an accretion rate of $\sim$10$^{-6.5 \pm 0.7}~\rm M_{Jup}\,yr^{-1}$, which is comparable to that of young PMCs such as PDS~70b. In addition, the MUSE data cube reveals extended emission in the [O\,\textsc{ii}] doublet at 7320 and 7330~Å, which is interpreted as evidence of a dynamical interaction between the two sources that, potentially, involves mass transfer between their individual accretion disks. These results demonstrate that JWST/NIRCam imaging surveys of young stellar associations can uncover new PMCs, which can then be confirmed and characterized through ground-based spectroscopic follow-up. |
| title | Observation of an Accreting Planetary-Mass Companion with Signs of Disk-Disk Interaction in Orion |
| topic | Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.04944 |