The compact double category $\mathbf{Int}(\mathbf{Poly}_*)$ models control flow and data transformations

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Hauptverfasser: Kondyrev, Grigory, Spivak, David I.
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2025
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author Kondyrev, Grigory
Spivak, David I.
author_facet Kondyrev, Grigory
Spivak, David I.
contents Hasegawa showed that control flow in programming languages -- while loops and if-then-else statements -- can be modeled using traced cocartesian categories, such as the category $\mathbf{Set}_*$ of pointed sets. In this paper we define an operad $\mathscr{W}$ of wiring diagrams that provides syntax for categories whose control flow moreover includes data transformations, including deleting, duplicating, permuting, and applying pre-specified functions to variables. In the most basic version, the operad underlies $\mathbf{Int}(\mathbf{Poly}_*)$, where $\mathbf{Int}(\mathscr{T})$ denotes the free compact category on a traced category $\mathscr{T}$, as defined by Joyal, Street, and Verity; to do so, we show that $\mathbf{Poly}_*$, as well as any multivariate version of it, is traced. We show moreover that whenever $\mathscr{T}$ is uniform -- a condition also defined by Hasegawa and satisfied by $\mathbf{Int}(\mathscr{T})$ -- the resulting $\mathbf{Int}$-construction extends to a double category $\mathbb{I}\mathbf{nt}(\mathscr{T})$, which is compact in the sense of Patterson. Finally, we define a universal property of the double category $\mathbb{I}\mathbf{nt}(\mathbf{Poly}_*)$ and $\mathbb{I}\mathbf{nt}(\mathbf{Set}_*)$ by which one can track trajectories as they move through the control flow associated to a wiring diagram.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_05462
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle The compact double category $\mathbf{Int}(\mathbf{Poly}_*)$ models control flow and data transformations
Kondyrev, Grigory
Spivak, David I.
Category Theory
Programming Languages
18M30, 18M10, 18M35, 18B20, 18M60
D.1.7; D.3.3
Hasegawa showed that control flow in programming languages -- while loops and if-then-else statements -- can be modeled using traced cocartesian categories, such as the category $\mathbf{Set}_*$ of pointed sets. In this paper we define an operad $\mathscr{W}$ of wiring diagrams that provides syntax for categories whose control flow moreover includes data transformations, including deleting, duplicating, permuting, and applying pre-specified functions to variables. In the most basic version, the operad underlies $\mathbf{Int}(\mathbf{Poly}_*)$, where $\mathbf{Int}(\mathscr{T})$ denotes the free compact category on a traced category $\mathscr{T}$, as defined by Joyal, Street, and Verity; to do so, we show that $\mathbf{Poly}_*$, as well as any multivariate version of it, is traced. We show moreover that whenever $\mathscr{T}$ is uniform -- a condition also defined by Hasegawa and satisfied by $\mathbf{Int}(\mathscr{T})$ -- the resulting $\mathbf{Int}$-construction extends to a double category $\mathbb{I}\mathbf{nt}(\mathscr{T})$, which is compact in the sense of Patterson. Finally, we define a universal property of the double category $\mathbb{I}\mathbf{nt}(\mathbf{Poly}_*)$ and $\mathbb{I}\mathbf{nt}(\mathbf{Set}_*)$ by which one can track trajectories as they move through the control flow associated to a wiring diagram.
title The compact double category $\mathbf{Int}(\mathbf{Poly}_*)$ models control flow and data transformations
topic Category Theory
Programming Languages
18M30, 18M10, 18M35, 18B20, 18M60
D.1.7; D.3.3
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.05462