Hybrid User Interfaces: Past, Present, and Future of Complementary Cross-Device Interaction in Mixed Reality

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Hubenschmid, Sebastian, Satkowski, Marc, Zagermann, Johannes, Méndez, Julián, Elmqvist, Niklas, Feiner, Steven, Feuchtner, Tiare, Grønbæk, Jens Emil, Lee, Benjamin, Schmalstieg, Dieter, Dachselt, Raimund, Reiterer, Harald
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Hubenschmid, Sebastian
Satkowski, Marc
Zagermann, Johannes
Méndez, Julián
Elmqvist, Niklas
Feiner, Steven
Feuchtner, Tiare
Grønbæk, Jens Emil
Lee, Benjamin
Schmalstieg, Dieter
Dachselt, Raimund
Reiterer, Harald
author_facet Hubenschmid, Sebastian
Satkowski, Marc
Zagermann, Johannes
Méndez, Julián
Elmqvist, Niklas
Feiner, Steven
Feuchtner, Tiare
Grønbæk, Jens Emil
Lee, Benjamin
Schmalstieg, Dieter
Dachselt, Raimund
Reiterer, Harald
contents We investigate hybrid user interfaces (HUIs), aiming to establish a cohesive understanding and adopt consistent terminology for this nascent research area. HUIs combine heterogeneous devices in complementary roles, leveraging the distinct benefits of each. Our work focuses on cross-device interaction between 2D devices and mixed reality environments, which are particularly compelling, leveraging the familiarity of traditional 2D platforms while providing spatial awareness and immersion. Although such HUIs have been prominently explored in the context of mixed reality by prior work, we still lack a cohesive understanding of the unique design possibilities and challenges of such combinations, resulting in a fragmented research landscape. We conducted a systematic survey and present a taxonomy of HUIs that combine conventional display technology and mixed reality environments. Based on this, we discuss past and current challenges, the evolution of definitions, and prospective opportunities to tie together the past 30 years of research with our vision of future HUIs.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_05491
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Hybrid User Interfaces: Past, Present, and Future of Complementary Cross-Device Interaction in Mixed Reality
Hubenschmid, Sebastian
Satkowski, Marc
Zagermann, Johannes
Méndez, Julián
Elmqvist, Niklas
Feiner, Steven
Feuchtner, Tiare
Grønbæk, Jens Emil
Lee, Benjamin
Schmalstieg, Dieter
Dachselt, Raimund
Reiterer, Harald
Human-Computer Interaction
We investigate hybrid user interfaces (HUIs), aiming to establish a cohesive understanding and adopt consistent terminology for this nascent research area. HUIs combine heterogeneous devices in complementary roles, leveraging the distinct benefits of each. Our work focuses on cross-device interaction between 2D devices and mixed reality environments, which are particularly compelling, leveraging the familiarity of traditional 2D platforms while providing spatial awareness and immersion. Although such HUIs have been prominently explored in the context of mixed reality by prior work, we still lack a cohesive understanding of the unique design possibilities and challenges of such combinations, resulting in a fragmented research landscape. We conducted a systematic survey and present a taxonomy of HUIs that combine conventional display technology and mixed reality environments. Based on this, we discuss past and current challenges, the evolution of definitions, and prospective opportunities to tie together the past 30 years of research with our vision of future HUIs.
title Hybrid User Interfaces: Past, Present, and Future of Complementary Cross-Device Interaction in Mixed Reality
topic Human-Computer Interaction
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.05491