ConstStyle: Robust Domain Generalization with Unified Style Transformation

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Main Authors: Tran, Nam Duong, Phuong, Nam Nguyen, Pham, Hieu H., Nguyen, Phi Le, Thai, My T.
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Tran, Nam Duong
Phuong, Nam Nguyen
Pham, Hieu H.
Nguyen, Phi Le
Thai, My T.
author_facet Tran, Nam Duong
Phuong, Nam Nguyen
Pham, Hieu H.
Nguyen, Phi Le
Thai, My T.
contents Deep neural networks often suffer performance drops when test data distribution differs from training data. Domain Generalization (DG) aims to address this by focusing on domain-invariant features or augmenting data for greater diversity. However, these methods often struggle with limited training domains or significant gaps between seen (training) and unseen (test) domains. To enhance DG robustness, we hypothesize that it is essential for the model to be trained on data from domains that closely resemble unseen test domains-an inherently difficult task due to the absence of prior knowledge about the unseen domains. Accordingly, we propose ConstStyle, a novel approach that leverages a unified domain to capture domain-invariant features and bridge the domain gap with theoretical analysis. During training, all samples are mapped onto this unified domain, optimized for seen domains. During testing, unseen domain samples are projected similarly before predictions. By aligning both training and testing data within this unified domain, ConstStyle effectively reduces the impact of domain shifts, even with large domain gaps or few seen domains. Extensive experiments demonstrate that ConstStyle consistently outperforms existing methods across diverse scenarios. Notably, when only a limited number of seen domains are available, ConstStyle can boost accuracy up to 19.82\% compared to the next best approach.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_05975
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle ConstStyle: Robust Domain Generalization with Unified Style Transformation
Tran, Nam Duong
Phuong, Nam Nguyen
Pham, Hieu H.
Nguyen, Phi Le
Thai, My T.
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Artificial Intelligence
Deep neural networks often suffer performance drops when test data distribution differs from training data. Domain Generalization (DG) aims to address this by focusing on domain-invariant features or augmenting data for greater diversity. However, these methods often struggle with limited training domains or significant gaps between seen (training) and unseen (test) domains. To enhance DG robustness, we hypothesize that it is essential for the model to be trained on data from domains that closely resemble unseen test domains-an inherently difficult task due to the absence of prior knowledge about the unseen domains. Accordingly, we propose ConstStyle, a novel approach that leverages a unified domain to capture domain-invariant features and bridge the domain gap with theoretical analysis. During training, all samples are mapped onto this unified domain, optimized for seen domains. During testing, unseen domain samples are projected similarly before predictions. By aligning both training and testing data within this unified domain, ConstStyle effectively reduces the impact of domain shifts, even with large domain gaps or few seen domains. Extensive experiments demonstrate that ConstStyle consistently outperforms existing methods across diverse scenarios. Notably, when only a limited number of seen domains are available, ConstStyle can boost accuracy up to 19.82\% compared to the next best approach.
title ConstStyle: Robust Domain Generalization with Unified Style Transformation
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.05975