Path integral approach to quantum thermalization

Fuente: arXiv
Enregistré dans:
Détails bibliographiques
Auteurs principaux: Altland, Alexander, Kim, Kun Woo, Micklitz, Tobias
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2025
Sujets:
Accès en ligne:
Tags: Ajouter un tag
Pas de tags, Soyez le premier à ajouter un tag!
_version_ 1866911142403637248
author Altland, Alexander
Kim, Kun Woo
Micklitz, Tobias
author_facet Altland, Alexander
Kim, Kun Woo
Micklitz, Tobias
contents We introduce a quasiclassical Green function approach describing the unitary yet irreversible dynamics of quantum systems effectively acting as their own environment. Combining a variety of concepts of quantum many-body theory, notably the nonlinear $σ$-model of disordered systems, the $G Σ$-formalism for strong correlations, and real time path integration, the theory is capable of describing a wide range of system classes and disorder models. It extends previous work beyond perturbation theory (in inverse Hilbert space dimensions), enabling a description of thermalization dynamics from short scattering times, through the onset of ergodicity at an effective `Thouless time', up to the many-body Heisenberg time. We illustrate the approach with two case studies, (i) a brickwork model of unitarily coupled quantum circuits with and without conserved symmetries, and (ii) an array of capacitively coupled quantum dots. Using the spectral form factor as a test observable, we find good agreement with numerical simulations. We present our formalism in a self-contained and pedagogical manner, aiming to provide a transferable toolbox for the first-principles description of many-body chaotic quantum systems in regimes of strong entanglement.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_06028
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Path integral approach to quantum thermalization
Altland, Alexander
Kim, Kun Woo
Micklitz, Tobias
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Quantum Physics
We introduce a quasiclassical Green function approach describing the unitary yet irreversible dynamics of quantum systems effectively acting as their own environment. Combining a variety of concepts of quantum many-body theory, notably the nonlinear $σ$-model of disordered systems, the $G Σ$-formalism for strong correlations, and real time path integration, the theory is capable of describing a wide range of system classes and disorder models. It extends previous work beyond perturbation theory (in inverse Hilbert space dimensions), enabling a description of thermalization dynamics from short scattering times, through the onset of ergodicity at an effective `Thouless time', up to the many-body Heisenberg time. We illustrate the approach with two case studies, (i) a brickwork model of unitarily coupled quantum circuits with and without conserved symmetries, and (ii) an array of capacitively coupled quantum dots. Using the spectral form factor as a test observable, we find good agreement with numerical simulations. We present our formalism in a self-contained and pedagogical manner, aiming to provide a transferable toolbox for the first-principles description of many-body chaotic quantum systems in regimes of strong entanglement.
title Path integral approach to quantum thermalization
topic Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Quantum Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.06028