Empirical Evaluation of a 5G Transparent Clock for Time Synchronization in a TSN-5G Network
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866909002190815232 |
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| author | Caleya-Sanchez, Julia Muñoz, Pablo Sánchez-Garrido, Jorge Florentín, Emilio Delgado-Ferro, Felix Rodriguez-Martin, Pablo Ameigeiras, Pablo |
| author_facet | Caleya-Sanchez, Julia Muñoz, Pablo Sánchez-Garrido, Jorge Florentín, Emilio Delgado-Ferro, Felix Rodriguez-Martin, Pablo Ameigeiras, Pablo |
| contents | Time synchronization is essential for industrial IoT and Industry 4.0/5.0 applications, but achieving high synchronization accuracy in Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN)-5G networks is challenging due to jitter and asymmetric delays. 3GPP TS 23.501 defines three 5G synchronization modes: time-aware system, boundary clock (BC), and transparent clock (TC), where TC offers a promising solution. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no empirical evaluation of TC in a TSN-5G network. This paper empirically evaluates an 5G end-to-end TC in a TSN-5G network, implemented on commercial TSN switches with a single clock. For TC development, we compute the residence time in 5G and recover the clock domain at the slave node. We deploy a TSN-5G testbed with commercial equipment for synchronization evaluation by modifying the Precision Timing Protocol (PTP) message transmission rates. Experimental results show a peak-to-peak synchronization of 500 ns, meeting the industrial requirement of < 1 us, with minimal synchronization offsets for specific PTP message transmission rates. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_06454 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Empirical Evaluation of a 5G Transparent Clock for Time Synchronization in a TSN-5G Network Caleya-Sanchez, Julia Muñoz, Pablo Sánchez-Garrido, Jorge Florentín, Emilio Delgado-Ferro, Felix Rodriguez-Martin, Pablo Ameigeiras, Pablo Networking and Internet Architecture Time synchronization is essential for industrial IoT and Industry 4.0/5.0 applications, but achieving high synchronization accuracy in Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN)-5G networks is challenging due to jitter and asymmetric delays. 3GPP TS 23.501 defines three 5G synchronization modes: time-aware system, boundary clock (BC), and transparent clock (TC), where TC offers a promising solution. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no empirical evaluation of TC in a TSN-5G network. This paper empirically evaluates an 5G end-to-end TC in a TSN-5G network, implemented on commercial TSN switches with a single clock. For TC development, we compute the residence time in 5G and recover the clock domain at the slave node. We deploy a TSN-5G testbed with commercial equipment for synchronization evaluation by modifying the Precision Timing Protocol (PTP) message transmission rates. Experimental results show a peak-to-peak synchronization of 500 ns, meeting the industrial requirement of < 1 us, with minimal synchronization offsets for specific PTP message transmission rates. |
| title | Empirical Evaluation of a 5G Transparent Clock for Time Synchronization in a TSN-5G Network |
| topic | Networking and Internet Architecture |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.06454 |