Optimal Exit Time for Liquidity Providers in Automated Market Makers
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866914102515859456 |
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| author | Bergault, Philippe Bieber, Sébastien Sánchez-Betancourt, Leandro |
| author_facet | Bergault, Philippe Bieber, Sébastien Sánchez-Betancourt, Leandro |
| contents | We study the problem of optimal liquidity withdrawal for a representative liquidity provider (LP) in an automated market maker (AMM). LPs earn fees from trading activity but are exposed to impermanent loss (IL) due to price fluctuations. While existing work has focused on static provision and exogenous exit strategies, we characterise the optimal exit time as the solution to a stochastic control problem with an endogenous stopping time. Mathematically, the LP's value function is shown to satisfy a Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman quasi-variational inequality, for which we establish uniqueness in the viscosity sense. To solve the problem numerically, we develop two complementary approaches: a Euler scheme based on operator splitting and a Longstaff-Schwartz regression method. Calibrated simulations highlight how the LP's optimal exit strategy depends on the oracle price volatility, fee levels, and the behaviour of arbitrageurs and noise traders. Our results show that while arbitrage generates both fees and IL, the LP's optimal decision balances these opposing effects based on the pool state variables and price misalignments. Lastly, we find the optimal fee level for the representative LP when they play the exit strategy we derived. This work contributes to a deeper understanding of dynamic liquidity provision in AMMs and provides insights into the sustainability of passive LP strategies under different market regimes. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_06510 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Optimal Exit Time for Liquidity Providers in Automated Market Makers Bergault, Philippe Bieber, Sébastien Sánchez-Betancourt, Leandro Trading and Market Microstructure Mathematical Finance We study the problem of optimal liquidity withdrawal for a representative liquidity provider (LP) in an automated market maker (AMM). LPs earn fees from trading activity but are exposed to impermanent loss (IL) due to price fluctuations. While existing work has focused on static provision and exogenous exit strategies, we characterise the optimal exit time as the solution to a stochastic control problem with an endogenous stopping time. Mathematically, the LP's value function is shown to satisfy a Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman quasi-variational inequality, for which we establish uniqueness in the viscosity sense. To solve the problem numerically, we develop two complementary approaches: a Euler scheme based on operator splitting and a Longstaff-Schwartz regression method. Calibrated simulations highlight how the LP's optimal exit strategy depends on the oracle price volatility, fee levels, and the behaviour of arbitrageurs and noise traders. Our results show that while arbitrage generates both fees and IL, the LP's optimal decision balances these opposing effects based on the pool state variables and price misalignments. Lastly, we find the optimal fee level for the representative LP when they play the exit strategy we derived. This work contributes to a deeper understanding of dynamic liquidity provision in AMMs and provides insights into the sustainability of passive LP strategies under different market regimes. |
| title | Optimal Exit Time for Liquidity Providers in Automated Market Makers |
| topic | Trading and Market Microstructure Mathematical Finance |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.06510 |