The evolution of the galaxy stellar mass function and star formation rates in the COLIBRE simulations from redshift 17 to 0

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Chaikin, Evgenii, Schaye, Joop, Schaller, Matthieu, Ploeckinger, Sylvia, Benítez-Llambay, Alejandro, Frenk, Carlos S., Huško, Filip, McGibbon, Robert, Richings, Alexander J., Trayford, James W.
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
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author Chaikin, Evgenii
Schaye, Joop
Schaller, Matthieu
Ploeckinger, Sylvia
Benítez-Llambay, Alejandro
Frenk, Carlos S.
Huško, Filip
McGibbon, Robert
Richings, Alexander J.
Trayford, James W.
author_facet Chaikin, Evgenii
Schaye, Joop
Schaller, Matthieu
Ploeckinger, Sylvia
Benítez-Llambay, Alejandro
Frenk, Carlos S.
Huško, Filip
McGibbon, Robert
Richings, Alexander J.
Trayford, James W.
contents We investigate the evolution of the galaxy stellar mass function (GSMF) and star formation rates (SFRs) across cosmic time in the COLIBRE simulations of galaxy formation. COLIBRE includes a multiphase interstellar medium, radiative cooling rates coupled to a model for the evolution of dust grains, and employs prescriptions for stellar and AGN feedback calibrated to reproduce the $z=0$ observed GSMF and stellar mass - size relation. We present the evolution of the GSMF from simulations at three resolutions: $m_{\rm gas}\approx m_{\rm dm}\sim 10^7$, $10^6$, and $10^5~\mathrm{M_\odot}$, in cosmological volumes of up to $400^3$, $200^3$, and $100^3$ cMpc$^3$, respectively. We demonstrate that COLIBRE is consistent with the observed GSMF over the full redshift range for which there are observations to compare with ($0<z<12$), with maximum systematic deviations of $\approx 0.3$ dex reached at $2<z<4$. We also examine the evolution of the star-forming main sequence, cosmic SFR density, stellar mass density, and galaxy quenched fraction, making predictions for both the fiducial COLIBRE model with thermally-driven AGN feedback and its variant with hybrid (thermal + kinetic jet) AGN feedback, and finding good agreement with observations. Notably, we show that COLIBRE matches the number density of massive quiescent galaxies at high redshifts reported by JWST, while predicting a stellar-to-halo mass relation that evolves little with redshift. We conclude that neither a redshift-dependent star formation efficiency, nor a variable stellar initial mass function, nor a deviation from $Λ\mathrm{CDM}$ is necessary to reproduce the high-redshift JWST stellar masses and SFRs.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_07960
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle The evolution of the galaxy stellar mass function and star formation rates in the COLIBRE simulations from redshift 17 to 0
Chaikin, Evgenii
Schaye, Joop
Schaller, Matthieu
Ploeckinger, Sylvia
Benítez-Llambay, Alejandro
Frenk, Carlos S.
Huško, Filip
McGibbon, Robert
Richings, Alexander J.
Trayford, James W.
Astrophysics of Galaxies
We investigate the evolution of the galaxy stellar mass function (GSMF) and star formation rates (SFRs) across cosmic time in the COLIBRE simulations of galaxy formation. COLIBRE includes a multiphase interstellar medium, radiative cooling rates coupled to a model for the evolution of dust grains, and employs prescriptions for stellar and AGN feedback calibrated to reproduce the $z=0$ observed GSMF and stellar mass - size relation. We present the evolution of the GSMF from simulations at three resolutions: $m_{\rm gas}\approx m_{\rm dm}\sim 10^7$, $10^6$, and $10^5~\mathrm{M_\odot}$, in cosmological volumes of up to $400^3$, $200^3$, and $100^3$ cMpc$^3$, respectively. We demonstrate that COLIBRE is consistent with the observed GSMF over the full redshift range for which there are observations to compare with ($0<z<12$), with maximum systematic deviations of $\approx 0.3$ dex reached at $2<z<4$. We also examine the evolution of the star-forming main sequence, cosmic SFR density, stellar mass density, and galaxy quenched fraction, making predictions for both the fiducial COLIBRE model with thermally-driven AGN feedback and its variant with hybrid (thermal + kinetic jet) AGN feedback, and finding good agreement with observations. Notably, we show that COLIBRE matches the number density of massive quiescent galaxies at high redshifts reported by JWST, while predicting a stellar-to-halo mass relation that evolves little with redshift. We conclude that neither a redshift-dependent star formation efficiency, nor a variable stellar initial mass function, nor a deviation from $Λ\mathrm{CDM}$ is necessary to reproduce the high-redshift JWST stellar masses and SFRs.
title The evolution of the galaxy stellar mass function and star formation rates in the COLIBRE simulations from redshift 17 to 0
topic Astrophysics of Galaxies
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07960