Lifetime-Aware Design for Item-Level Intelligence at the Extreme Edge

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Prakash, Shvetank, Cheng, Andrew, Kindgren, Olof, Ahamed, Ashiq, Knight, Graham, Kufel, Jed, Rodriguez, Francisco, Tschand, Arya, Kong, David, Elgamal, Mariam, Huang, Jerry, Chen, Emma, Hills, Gage, Price, Richard, Ozer, Emre, Reddi, Vijay Janapa
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866914464347979776
author Prakash, Shvetank
Cheng, Andrew
Kindgren, Olof
Ahamed, Ashiq
Knight, Graham
Kufel, Jed
Rodriguez, Francisco
Tschand, Arya
Kong, David
Elgamal, Mariam
Huang, Jerry
Chen, Emma
Hills, Gage
Price, Richard
Ozer, Emre
Reddi, Vijay Janapa
author_facet Prakash, Shvetank
Cheng, Andrew
Kindgren, Olof
Ahamed, Ashiq
Knight, Graham
Kufel, Jed
Rodriguez, Francisco
Tschand, Arya
Kong, David
Elgamal, Mariam
Huang, Jerry
Chen, Emma
Hills, Gage
Price, Richard
Ozer, Emre
Reddi, Vijay Janapa
contents We present FlexiFlow, a lifetime-aware design framework for item-level intelligence (ILI) where computation is integrated directly into disposable products like food packaging and medical patches. Our framework leverages natively flexible electronics which offer significantly lower costs than silicon but are limited to kHz speeds and several thousands of gates. Our insight is that unlike traditional computing with more uniform deployment patterns, ILI applications exhibit 1000X variation in operational lifetime, fundamentally changing optimal architectural design decisions when considering trillion-item deployment scales. To enable holistic design and optimization, we model the trade-offs between embodied carbon footprint and operational carbon footprint based on application-specific lifetimes. The framework includes: (1) FlexiBench, a workload suite targeting sustainability applications from spoilage detection to health monitoring; (2) FlexiBits, area-optimized RISC-V cores with 1/4/8-bit datapaths achieving 2.65X to 3.50X better energy efficiency per workload execution; and (3) a carbon-aware model that selects optimal architectures based on deployment characteristics. We show that lifetime-aware microarchitectural design can reduce carbon footprint by 1.62X, while algorithmic decisions can reduce carbon footprint by 14.5X. We validate our approach through the first tape-out using a PDK for flexible electronics with fully open-source tools, achieving 30.9kHz operation. FlexiFlow enables exploration of computing at the Extreme Edge where conventional design methodologies must be reevaluated to account for new constraints and considerations.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_08193
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Lifetime-Aware Design for Item-Level Intelligence at the Extreme Edge
Prakash, Shvetank
Cheng, Andrew
Kindgren, Olof
Ahamed, Ashiq
Knight, Graham
Kufel, Jed
Rodriguez, Francisco
Tschand, Arya
Kong, David
Elgamal, Mariam
Huang, Jerry
Chen, Emma
Hills, Gage
Price, Richard
Ozer, Emre
Reddi, Vijay Janapa
Hardware Architecture
Artificial Intelligence
Emerging Technologies
We present FlexiFlow, a lifetime-aware design framework for item-level intelligence (ILI) where computation is integrated directly into disposable products like food packaging and medical patches. Our framework leverages natively flexible electronics which offer significantly lower costs than silicon but are limited to kHz speeds and several thousands of gates. Our insight is that unlike traditional computing with more uniform deployment patterns, ILI applications exhibit 1000X variation in operational lifetime, fundamentally changing optimal architectural design decisions when considering trillion-item deployment scales. To enable holistic design and optimization, we model the trade-offs between embodied carbon footprint and operational carbon footprint based on application-specific lifetimes. The framework includes: (1) FlexiBench, a workload suite targeting sustainability applications from spoilage detection to health monitoring; (2) FlexiBits, area-optimized RISC-V cores with 1/4/8-bit datapaths achieving 2.65X to 3.50X better energy efficiency per workload execution; and (3) a carbon-aware model that selects optimal architectures based on deployment characteristics. We show that lifetime-aware microarchitectural design can reduce carbon footprint by 1.62X, while algorithmic decisions can reduce carbon footprint by 14.5X. We validate our approach through the first tape-out using a PDK for flexible electronics with fully open-source tools, achieving 30.9kHz operation. FlexiFlow enables exploration of computing at the Extreme Edge where conventional design methodologies must be reevaluated to account for new constraints and considerations.
title Lifetime-Aware Design for Item-Level Intelligence at the Extreme Edge
topic Hardware Architecture
Artificial Intelligence
Emerging Technologies
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.08193