Gravitational constant as a conserved charge in black hole thermodynamics
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866915941180243968 |
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| author | Kim, Wontae Nam, Mungon |
| author_facet | Kim, Wontae Nam, Mungon |
| contents | Recent work has shown that couplings multiplying individual terms in a Lagrangian can be promoted to conserved charges by introducing scalar-gauge pairs. The gravitational constant, however, plays a qualitatively different role: $G^{-1}$ appears as an overall normalization of the Einstein-Hilbert sector rather than as the coefficient of a single term. In this paper, we show that the gravitational constant can nevertheless be realized as a conserved charge in a modified four-dimensional Einstein-Hilbert theory. Using two scalar-gauge pairs and the quasi-local off-shell Abbott-Deser-Tekin formalism, we construct the conserved charges associated with the mass, the cosmological constant, and the gravitational constant. The resulting charge assignment yields the extended thermodynamic first law and the Smarr formula in a fully consistent manner. Our result therefore extends the conserved-charge interpretation of couplings to the universal gravitational coupling itself in a concrete four-dimensional Einstein-gravity setting. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_08390 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Gravitational constant as a conserved charge in black hole thermodynamics Kim, Wontae Nam, Mungon High Energy Physics - Theory General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology Recent work has shown that couplings multiplying individual terms in a Lagrangian can be promoted to conserved charges by introducing scalar-gauge pairs. The gravitational constant, however, plays a qualitatively different role: $G^{-1}$ appears as an overall normalization of the Einstein-Hilbert sector rather than as the coefficient of a single term. In this paper, we show that the gravitational constant can nevertheless be realized as a conserved charge in a modified four-dimensional Einstein-Hilbert theory. Using two scalar-gauge pairs and the quasi-local off-shell Abbott-Deser-Tekin formalism, we construct the conserved charges associated with the mass, the cosmological constant, and the gravitational constant. The resulting charge assignment yields the extended thermodynamic first law and the Smarr formula in a fully consistent manner. Our result therefore extends the conserved-charge interpretation of couplings to the universal gravitational coupling itself in a concrete four-dimensional Einstein-gravity setting. |
| title | Gravitational constant as a conserved charge in black hole thermodynamics |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Theory General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.08390 |