An Extremely-High Velocity Outflow in SMSS J2157-3602, the most luminous quasar in the first 1.3 Gyr

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Hauptverfasser: Vietri, Giustina, Hidalgo, Paola Rodriguez, Rankine, Amy, Zappacosta, Luca, Piconcelli, Enrico, Flores, Liliana, Saccheo, Ivano, Melandri, Andrea, Testa, Vincenzo, Hall, Patrick B., Sarnari, Flaminia, Naranjo, Wendy F. Garcia, Perez, Tzitzi Romo, D'Odorico, Valentina, Lanzuisi, Giorgio, Misawa, Toru, Onken, Christopher A., Vignali, Cristian, Wolf, Christian
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2025
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author Vietri, Giustina
Hidalgo, Paola Rodriguez
Rankine, Amy
Zappacosta, Luca
Piconcelli, Enrico
Flores, Liliana
Saccheo, Ivano
Melandri, Andrea
Testa, Vincenzo
Hall, Patrick B.
Sarnari, Flaminia
Naranjo, Wendy F. Garcia
Perez, Tzitzi Romo
D'Odorico, Valentina
Lanzuisi, Giorgio
Misawa, Toru
Onken, Christopher A.
Vignali, Cristian
Wolf, Christian
author_facet Vietri, Giustina
Hidalgo, Paola Rodriguez
Rankine, Amy
Zappacosta, Luca
Piconcelli, Enrico
Flores, Liliana
Saccheo, Ivano
Melandri, Andrea
Testa, Vincenzo
Hall, Patrick B.
Sarnari, Flaminia
Naranjo, Wendy F. Garcia
Perez, Tzitzi Romo
D'Odorico, Valentina
Lanzuisi, Giorgio
Misawa, Toru
Onken, Christopher A.
Vignali, Cristian
Wolf, Christian
contents We report the discovery of an extremely high-velocity outflow (EHVO) in the most luminous ($L\rm_{Bol}$ $\sim$ 2.29 $\times$ 10$^{48}$ erg/s) QSO, SMSS J2157-3602, at z=4.692. Combined XSHOOTER and NIRES observations reveal that the EHVO reaches a maximum velocity of v$_\mathrm{max} \sim 0.13c$ and persists over rest-frame timescales of a few months to one year. SMSS J2157-3602 also exhibits one of the highest balnicity index discovered in an EHVO so far. In addition, the blueshifted CIV emission traces a high-velocity (v$\rm_{CIV}^{50}\sim$ 4660 km/s) outflow from the broad-line region. Thanks to an XMM-Newton observation, we also discover the X-ray weak nature of this QSO, which likely prevents the overionization of the innermost disk atmosphere and facilitates the efficient launch of the detected EHVO and BLR winds. The extraordinary luminosity of SMSS J2157-3602 and the extreme velocity of the EHVO make it a unique laboratory for testing AGN driven feedback under extreme conditions. Current uncertainties on the outflow's location and column density strengthen the case for dedicated follow-up, which will be essential to assess the full feedback potential of this remarkable quasar.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_08891
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle An Extremely-High Velocity Outflow in SMSS J2157-3602, the most luminous quasar in the first 1.3 Gyr
Vietri, Giustina
Hidalgo, Paola Rodriguez
Rankine, Amy
Zappacosta, Luca
Piconcelli, Enrico
Flores, Liliana
Saccheo, Ivano
Melandri, Andrea
Testa, Vincenzo
Hall, Patrick B.
Sarnari, Flaminia
Naranjo, Wendy F. Garcia
Perez, Tzitzi Romo
D'Odorico, Valentina
Lanzuisi, Giorgio
Misawa, Toru
Onken, Christopher A.
Vignali, Cristian
Wolf, Christian
Astrophysics of Galaxies
We report the discovery of an extremely high-velocity outflow (EHVO) in the most luminous ($L\rm_{Bol}$ $\sim$ 2.29 $\times$ 10$^{48}$ erg/s) QSO, SMSS J2157-3602, at z=4.692. Combined XSHOOTER and NIRES observations reveal that the EHVO reaches a maximum velocity of v$_\mathrm{max} \sim 0.13c$ and persists over rest-frame timescales of a few months to one year. SMSS J2157-3602 also exhibits one of the highest balnicity index discovered in an EHVO so far. In addition, the blueshifted CIV emission traces a high-velocity (v$\rm_{CIV}^{50}\sim$ 4660 km/s) outflow from the broad-line region. Thanks to an XMM-Newton observation, we also discover the X-ray weak nature of this QSO, which likely prevents the overionization of the innermost disk atmosphere and facilitates the efficient launch of the detected EHVO and BLR winds. The extraordinary luminosity of SMSS J2157-3602 and the extreme velocity of the EHVO make it a unique laboratory for testing AGN driven feedback under extreme conditions. Current uncertainties on the outflow's location and column density strengthen the case for dedicated follow-up, which will be essential to assess the full feedback potential of this remarkable quasar.
title An Extremely-High Velocity Outflow in SMSS J2157-3602, the most luminous quasar in the first 1.3 Gyr
topic Astrophysics of Galaxies
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.08891