Quantum sensing with a spin ensemble in a two-dimensional material
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arXiv
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1866918477655179264 |
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| author | Biswas, Souvik Scuri, Giovanni Huffman, Noah Rosenthal, Eric I. Gong, Ruotian Poirier, Thomas Gao, Xingyu Vaidya, Sumukh Stein, Abigail J. Weissman, Tsachy Edgar, James H. Li, Tongcang Zu, Chong Vučković, Jelena Choi, Joonhee |
| author_facet | Biswas, Souvik Scuri, Giovanni Huffman, Noah Rosenthal, Eric I. Gong, Ruotian Poirier, Thomas Gao, Xingyu Vaidya, Sumukh Stein, Abigail J. Weissman, Tsachy Edgar, James H. Li, Tongcang Zu, Chong Vučković, Jelena Choi, Joonhee |
| contents | Quantum sensing with solid-state spin defects has transformed nanoscale metrology, offering sub-wavelength spatial resolution with exceptional sensitivity to multiple signal types. Maximizing these advantages requires minimizing both the sensor-target separation and the detectable signal threshold. However, leading platforms such as nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond suffer from performance degradation near surfaces or in nanoscale volumes, motivating the search for optically addressable spin sensors in atomically thin, two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals materials. Here, we present a comprehensive experimental framework to probe a 2D spin ensemble, including its Hamiltonian, coherent sensing dynamics, and noise environment. Using a central spin system in a hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) crystal, we fully map the hyperfine interactions with proximal nuclear spins, demonstrate switchable magnetic and electric noise sensing, and introduce a method to accurately reconstruct the environmental noise spectrum while explicitly accounting for quantum control imperfections. We achieve a record coherence time of $80~μ\mathrm{s}$ under dynamical decoupling, enabling sub-microtesla AC magnetic sensitivity at a $10~\mathrm{nm}$ target distance. Leveraging the broad opportunities for defect engineering in atomically thin hosts, these results lay the foundation for next-generation quantum sensors with ultrahigh sensitivity, tunable noise selectivity, and versatile functionalities. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_08984 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Quantum sensing with a spin ensemble in a two-dimensional material Biswas, Souvik Scuri, Giovanni Huffman, Noah Rosenthal, Eric I. Gong, Ruotian Poirier, Thomas Gao, Xingyu Vaidya, Sumukh Stein, Abigail J. Weissman, Tsachy Edgar, James H. Li, Tongcang Zu, Chong Vučković, Jelena Choi, Joonhee Quantum Physics Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Quantum sensing with solid-state spin defects has transformed nanoscale metrology, offering sub-wavelength spatial resolution with exceptional sensitivity to multiple signal types. Maximizing these advantages requires minimizing both the sensor-target separation and the detectable signal threshold. However, leading platforms such as nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond suffer from performance degradation near surfaces or in nanoscale volumes, motivating the search for optically addressable spin sensors in atomically thin, two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals materials. Here, we present a comprehensive experimental framework to probe a 2D spin ensemble, including its Hamiltonian, coherent sensing dynamics, and noise environment. Using a central spin system in a hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) crystal, we fully map the hyperfine interactions with proximal nuclear spins, demonstrate switchable magnetic and electric noise sensing, and introduce a method to accurately reconstruct the environmental noise spectrum while explicitly accounting for quantum control imperfections. We achieve a record coherence time of $80~μ\mathrm{s}$ under dynamical decoupling, enabling sub-microtesla AC magnetic sensitivity at a $10~\mathrm{nm}$ target distance. Leveraging the broad opportunities for defect engineering in atomically thin hosts, these results lay the foundation for next-generation quantum sensors with ultrahigh sensitivity, tunable noise selectivity, and versatile functionalities. |
| title | Quantum sensing with a spin ensemble in a two-dimensional material |
| topic | Quantum Physics Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.08984 |