Voltage Synchronization and Proportional Current Sharing of Grid-Forming Inverters
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866912582813614080 |
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| author | Tang, Qianxi Peng, Li |
| author_facet | Tang, Qianxi Peng, Li |
| contents | Most previously proposed controllers are analyzed in the small-signal/quasi-steady regime rather than large-signal or transient stability for grid-forming inverters (GFMI). Additionally, methods that presume system-wide data--global measurements and complete grid-model knowledge--are challenging to realize in practice and unsuitable for large-scale operation. Moreover, proportional current sharing is rarely embedded into them. The whole system is a high-order, nonlinear differential system, making analysis intractable without principled simplifications. Hence, contraction stability analysis in GFMI is proposed to guarantee the large-signal stability. Furthermore, a contraction-based controller is proposed to synchronize GFMI. Additionally, this paper proposes integrating an auxiliary virtual-impedance layer into the contraction-based controller to achieve proportional current sharing, while the GFMI retains global stability and voltage synchronization. A dispatchable virtual oscillator control (dVOC), also known as the Andronov--Hopf oscillator (AHO) is used to validate the proposed contraction stability analysis and contraction-based controller with virtual-impedance. It is proved that the complex multi-converter system can achieve output-feedback contraction under large-signal operation. Therefore, without requiring system-wide data, the proposed method offers voltage synchronization, decentralized stability conditions for the transient stability of AHO and proportional current sharing, beyond prior small-signal, quasi-steady analysis. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_09277 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Voltage Synchronization and Proportional Current Sharing of Grid-Forming Inverters Tang, Qianxi Peng, Li Systems and Control Most previously proposed controllers are analyzed in the small-signal/quasi-steady regime rather than large-signal or transient stability for grid-forming inverters (GFMI). Additionally, methods that presume system-wide data--global measurements and complete grid-model knowledge--are challenging to realize in practice and unsuitable for large-scale operation. Moreover, proportional current sharing is rarely embedded into them. The whole system is a high-order, nonlinear differential system, making analysis intractable without principled simplifications. Hence, contraction stability analysis in GFMI is proposed to guarantee the large-signal stability. Furthermore, a contraction-based controller is proposed to synchronize GFMI. Additionally, this paper proposes integrating an auxiliary virtual-impedance layer into the contraction-based controller to achieve proportional current sharing, while the GFMI retains global stability and voltage synchronization. A dispatchable virtual oscillator control (dVOC), also known as the Andronov--Hopf oscillator (AHO) is used to validate the proposed contraction stability analysis and contraction-based controller with virtual-impedance. It is proved that the complex multi-converter system can achieve output-feedback contraction under large-signal operation. Therefore, without requiring system-wide data, the proposed method offers voltage synchronization, decentralized stability conditions for the transient stability of AHO and proportional current sharing, beyond prior small-signal, quasi-steady analysis. |
| title | Voltage Synchronization and Proportional Current Sharing of Grid-Forming Inverters |
| topic | Systems and Control |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.09277 |