Towards Understanding Visual Grounding in Visual Language Models

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Hauptverfasser: Pantazopoulos, Georgios, Özyiğit, Eda B.
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2025
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author Pantazopoulos, Georgios
Özyiğit, Eda B.
author_facet Pantazopoulos, Georgios
Özyiğit, Eda B.
contents Visual grounding refers to the ability of a model to identify a region within some visual input that matches a textual description. Consequently, a model equipped with visual grounding capabilities can target a wide range of applications in various domains, including referring expression comprehension, answering questions pertinent to fine-grained details in images or videos, caption visual context by explicitly referring to entities, as well as low and high-level control in simulated and real environments. In this survey paper, we review representative works across the key areas of research on modern general-purpose vision language models (VLMs). We first outline the importance of grounding in VLMs, then delineate the core components of the contemporary paradigm for developing grounded models, and examine their practical applications, including benchmarks and evaluation metrics for grounded multimodal generation. We also discuss the multifaceted interrelations among visual grounding, multimodal chain-of-thought, and reasoning in VLMs. Finally, we analyse the challenges inherent to visual grounding and suggest promising directions for future research.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_10345
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Towards Understanding Visual Grounding in Visual Language Models
Pantazopoulos, Georgios
Özyiğit, Eda B.
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Artificial Intelligence
Visual grounding refers to the ability of a model to identify a region within some visual input that matches a textual description. Consequently, a model equipped with visual grounding capabilities can target a wide range of applications in various domains, including referring expression comprehension, answering questions pertinent to fine-grained details in images or videos, caption visual context by explicitly referring to entities, as well as low and high-level control in simulated and real environments. In this survey paper, we review representative works across the key areas of research on modern general-purpose vision language models (VLMs). We first outline the importance of grounding in VLMs, then delineate the core components of the contemporary paradigm for developing grounded models, and examine their practical applications, including benchmarks and evaluation metrics for grounded multimodal generation. We also discuss the multifaceted interrelations among visual grounding, multimodal chain-of-thought, and reasoning in VLMs. Finally, we analyse the challenges inherent to visual grounding and suggest promising directions for future research.
title Towards Understanding Visual Grounding in Visual Language Models
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.10345