Laboratory measurements of energy partitioning and anomalous electron heating in magnetized, perpendicular collisionless shocks
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Valenzuela-Villaseca, V. Totorica, S. Griff-McMahon, J. Chen, L. -J. Malko, S. Heuer, P. V. Pongkitiwanichakul, P. Fox, W. Schaeffer, D. B. |
| author_facet | Valenzuela-Villaseca, V. Totorica, S. Griff-McMahon, J. Chen, L. -J. Malko, S. Heuer, P. V. Pongkitiwanichakul, P. Fox, W. Schaeffer, D. B. |
| contents | We present laboratory results on energy partitioning from supercritical, magnetized collisionless shock experiments ($\rm{M_A} \sim 8$, $\rm{M_{ms}}\sim 4$). We report the first observation of fully-developed laboratory shocks that evolve for more than seven upstream ion gyration periods and have a downstream region that extends more than four shocked ion gyroperiods. Thomson scattering measurements are used to measure electron and ion temperatures, plasma density, and flow speeds. We directly measure a compression ratio of $3.6\pm0.3$, consistent with shock jump conditions. A foot ahead of the shock exhibits super-adiabatic electron and ion heating. The downstream electron temperature has an $\approx 30\%$ excess above adiabatic and collisional electron-ion heating, implying significant collisionless anomalous electron heating. We find a downstream electron-ion temperature ratio $T_e^{(d)}/T_i^{(d)} = 0.8 \pm 0.3$, consistent with spacecraft observations but outside the range of predictions from theory and numerical simulations. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_12164 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Laboratory measurements of energy partitioning and anomalous electron heating in magnetized, perpendicular collisionless shocks Valenzuela-Villaseca, V. Totorica, S. Griff-McMahon, J. Chen, L. -J. Malko, S. Heuer, P. V. Pongkitiwanichakul, P. Fox, W. Schaeffer, D. B. Plasma Physics High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Solar and Stellar Astrophysics We present laboratory results on energy partitioning from supercritical, magnetized collisionless shock experiments ($\rm{M_A} \sim 8$, $\rm{M_{ms}}\sim 4$). We report the first observation of fully-developed laboratory shocks that evolve for more than seven upstream ion gyration periods and have a downstream region that extends more than four shocked ion gyroperiods. Thomson scattering measurements are used to measure electron and ion temperatures, plasma density, and flow speeds. We directly measure a compression ratio of $3.6\pm0.3$, consistent with shock jump conditions. A foot ahead of the shock exhibits super-adiabatic electron and ion heating. The downstream electron temperature has an $\approx 30\%$ excess above adiabatic and collisional electron-ion heating, implying significant collisionless anomalous electron heating. We find a downstream electron-ion temperature ratio $T_e^{(d)}/T_i^{(d)} = 0.8 \pm 0.3$, consistent with spacecraft observations but outside the range of predictions from theory and numerical simulations. |
| title | Laboratory measurements of energy partitioning and anomalous electron heating in magnetized, perpendicular collisionless shocks |
| topic | Plasma Physics High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.12164 |