Enregistré dans:
Détails bibliographiques
Auteurs principaux: Peng, Can, Liu, Yuyuan, Yang, Yingyu, Saha, Pramit, Yang, Qianye, Noble, J. Alison
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2025
Sujets:
Accès en ligne:https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.12544
Tags: Ajouter un tag
Pas de tags, Soyez le premier à ajouter un tag!
_version_ 1866915879430651904
author Peng, Can
Liu, Yuyuan
Yang, Yingyu
Saha, Pramit
Yang, Qianye
Noble, J. Alison
author_facet Peng, Can
Liu, Yuyuan
Yang, Yingyu
Saha, Pramit
Yang, Qianye
Noble, J. Alison
contents Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across distributed clients while preserving data privacy, but remains challenging when client data are highly heterogeneous. These challenges are further amplified in multi-label scenarios, where inter-label dependencies and mismatches between local and global label relationships introduce additional optimization conflicts. While most FL studies focus on single-label classification, many real-world applications are inherently multi-label and often exhibit severe label skew across clients. To address this important yet underexplored problem, we propose FedNCA-ML, a novel FL framework that aligns client representations and learns discriminative, well-clustered features inspired by Neural Collapse (NC) theory. NC describes an ideal latent geometry where each class's features collapse to their mean, forming a maximally separated simplex. FedNCA-ML further introduces an attention-based module to extract class-specific representations, enabling more balanced learning under heavy label imbalance. These class-wise representations are then aligned via a shared NC-inspired structure, mitigating inter-client conflicts induced by heterogeneous local data and inconsistent label dependencies. In addition, we design regularisation losses to encourage compact and consistent feature clustering in the latent space. Experiments on five benchmark datasets under nine FL settings demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, achieving improvements of up to 3.92% in class-wise AUC and 4.93% in class-wise F1 score.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_12544
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Neural Collapse-Inspired Multi-Label Federated Learning under Label-Distribution Skew
Peng, Can
Liu, Yuyuan
Yang, Yingyu
Saha, Pramit
Yang, Qianye
Noble, J. Alison
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across distributed clients while preserving data privacy, but remains challenging when client data are highly heterogeneous. These challenges are further amplified in multi-label scenarios, where inter-label dependencies and mismatches between local and global label relationships introduce additional optimization conflicts. While most FL studies focus on single-label classification, many real-world applications are inherently multi-label and often exhibit severe label skew across clients. To address this important yet underexplored problem, we propose FedNCA-ML, a novel FL framework that aligns client representations and learns discriminative, well-clustered features inspired by Neural Collapse (NC) theory. NC describes an ideal latent geometry where each class's features collapse to their mean, forming a maximally separated simplex. FedNCA-ML further introduces an attention-based module to extract class-specific representations, enabling more balanced learning under heavy label imbalance. These class-wise representations are then aligned via a shared NC-inspired structure, mitigating inter-client conflicts induced by heterogeneous local data and inconsistent label dependencies. In addition, we design regularisation losses to encourage compact and consistent feature clustering in the latent space. Experiments on five benchmark datasets under nine FL settings demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, achieving improvements of up to 3.92% in class-wise AUC and 4.93% in class-wise F1 score.
title Neural Collapse-Inspired Multi-Label Federated Learning under Label-Distribution Skew
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.12544