Massive Retrograde Moons May Survive During Different Hot Jupiters' Migration Scenario
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866916952280137728 |
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| author | Pu, Yangjun Li, Chenyang Zhu, Bohang |
| author_facet | Pu, Yangjun Li, Chenyang Zhu, Bohang |
| contents | Searching for exomoons is attempted via Kepler and TESS, but none is confirmed. Theoretically, similar with Jupiter, the gas giants are possible to generate moons. However, HJs which are considered to form outside and then move close to the star are thought not easy to sustain the original moons via dynamical effects. In this paper, we assume the HJ to form at 1 AU and move inward via disk migration or migration due to planet secular coplanar. Then we simulate the dynamics of exomoon-planet systems during migration, and we want to study the fates of different original moons. We find that both prograde and retrograde moons could maintain stable after disk migration, although the retained fraction of retrograde moons is 5 times higher than the prograde moons. Only massive and retrograde moons (greater than 10 Earth masses) might survive around HJs during the coplanar excitation. Furthermore, 6\% of the original Jupiter-like planet can also form free-floating planets after undergoing coplanar excitation, and most of them retain their moons. Our results focus on the fate of the exomoons and provide a clue on where to find the moon for future missions. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_13263 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Massive Retrograde Moons May Survive During Different Hot Jupiters' Migration Scenario Pu, Yangjun Li, Chenyang Zhu, Bohang Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Searching for exomoons is attempted via Kepler and TESS, but none is confirmed. Theoretically, similar with Jupiter, the gas giants are possible to generate moons. However, HJs which are considered to form outside and then move close to the star are thought not easy to sustain the original moons via dynamical effects. In this paper, we assume the HJ to form at 1 AU and move inward via disk migration or migration due to planet secular coplanar. Then we simulate the dynamics of exomoon-planet systems during migration, and we want to study the fates of different original moons. We find that both prograde and retrograde moons could maintain stable after disk migration, although the retained fraction of retrograde moons is 5 times higher than the prograde moons. Only massive and retrograde moons (greater than 10 Earth masses) might survive around HJs during the coplanar excitation. Furthermore, 6\% of the original Jupiter-like planet can also form free-floating planets after undergoing coplanar excitation, and most of them retain their moons. Our results focus on the fate of the exomoons and provide a clue on where to find the moon for future missions. |
| title | Massive Retrograde Moons May Survive During Different Hot Jupiters' Migration Scenario |
| topic | Earth and Planetary Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13263 |