A multiwavelength study of the Galactic center black hole candidate MAXI J1744-294
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| Formato: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Mandel, Shifra Mori, Kaya Draghis, Paul A. Reynolds, Mark Jin, Chichuan Parra, Maxime Levin, Benjamin Miao, Eric Grollimund, Noa Ciurlo, Anna Granados, Sean A. Jaisawal, Gaurava K. Marra, Lorenzo Bachetti, Matteo Capitanio, Fiamma Degenaar, Nathalie Hailey, Charles J. Hong, JaeSub Motta, Sara Ponti, Gabriele Shara, Michael M. Shidatsu, Megumi Tomsick, John A. Campbell, Randall Corbel, Stéphane Fender, Rob Ghez, Andrea Grindlay, Jonathan Haggard, Daryl Hosek Jr., Matthew W. Hua, Ziqian König, Ole Matsunaga, Kai Mikušincová, Romana Nynka, Melania Sanger-Johnson, Grace Stel, Giovanni Tarana, Antonella Wijnands, Rudy Zhang, Shuo |
| author_facet | Mandel, Shifra Mori, Kaya Draghis, Paul A. Reynolds, Mark Jin, Chichuan Parra, Maxime Levin, Benjamin Miao, Eric Grollimund, Noa Ciurlo, Anna Granados, Sean A. Jaisawal, Gaurava K. Marra, Lorenzo Bachetti, Matteo Capitanio, Fiamma Degenaar, Nathalie Hailey, Charles J. Hong, JaeSub Motta, Sara Ponti, Gabriele Shara, Michael M. Shidatsu, Megumi Tomsick, John A. Campbell, Randall Corbel, Stéphane Fender, Rob Ghez, Andrea Grindlay, Jonathan Haggard, Daryl Hosek Jr., Matthew W. Hua, Ziqian König, Ole Matsunaga, Kai Mikušincová, Romana Nynka, Melania Sanger-Johnson, Grace Stel, Giovanni Tarana, Antonella Wijnands, Rudy Zhang, Shuo |
| contents | For the first time in nearly a decade, a bright transient was detected in the central parsec (pc) of the Galaxy. MAXI J1744-294, or -- as it was known in its previous life -- Swift J174540.2-290037, was discovered in outburst by the MAXI telescope in January 2025. We present the results of a broadband, multi-wavelength study of MAXI J1744-294, including data from the NuSTAR, Chandra, XMM-Newton, Swift, and NICER X-ray telescopes, as well as complementary radio and near-infrared observations. We analyze the changing X-ray emission as the outburst evolved from the high/soft to the low/hard state. Using relativistic reflection features in the data, we estimate a spin of $a>0.92$ and viewing inclination $θ=28^{+3}_{-4}$ deg, consistent with the parameters measured for Swift J174540.2-290037. Based on the spectral and temporal characteristics of MAXI J1744-294, we reaffirm its classification as a candidate black hole (BH) low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) -- the third candidate BH transient discovered within 20 arcsec of the Galactic supermassive black hole Sgr~A*. This work provides further evidence for a cusp of BH-LMXBs in the central pc of our Galaxy, as argued for in previous observational studies and suggested by analytical and theoretical work. Our ongoing multi-wavelength study, involving a complementary range of observatories and spanning different outburst states, can serve as a model for future time domain astrophysics research. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_14465 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | A multiwavelength study of the Galactic center black hole candidate MAXI J1744-294 Mandel, Shifra Mori, Kaya Draghis, Paul A. Reynolds, Mark Jin, Chichuan Parra, Maxime Levin, Benjamin Miao, Eric Grollimund, Noa Ciurlo, Anna Granados, Sean A. Jaisawal, Gaurava K. Marra, Lorenzo Bachetti, Matteo Capitanio, Fiamma Degenaar, Nathalie Hailey, Charles J. Hong, JaeSub Motta, Sara Ponti, Gabriele Shara, Michael M. Shidatsu, Megumi Tomsick, John A. Campbell, Randall Corbel, Stéphane Fender, Rob Ghez, Andrea Grindlay, Jonathan Haggard, Daryl Hosek Jr., Matthew W. Hua, Ziqian König, Ole Matsunaga, Kai Mikušincová, Romana Nynka, Melania Sanger-Johnson, Grace Stel, Giovanni Tarana, Antonella Wijnands, Rudy Zhang, Shuo High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena For the first time in nearly a decade, a bright transient was detected in the central parsec (pc) of the Galaxy. MAXI J1744-294, or -- as it was known in its previous life -- Swift J174540.2-290037, was discovered in outburst by the MAXI telescope in January 2025. We present the results of a broadband, multi-wavelength study of MAXI J1744-294, including data from the NuSTAR, Chandra, XMM-Newton, Swift, and NICER X-ray telescopes, as well as complementary radio and near-infrared observations. We analyze the changing X-ray emission as the outburst evolved from the high/soft to the low/hard state. Using relativistic reflection features in the data, we estimate a spin of $a>0.92$ and viewing inclination $θ=28^{+3}_{-4}$ deg, consistent with the parameters measured for Swift J174540.2-290037. Based on the spectral and temporal characteristics of MAXI J1744-294, we reaffirm its classification as a candidate black hole (BH) low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) -- the third candidate BH transient discovered within 20 arcsec of the Galactic supermassive black hole Sgr~A*. This work provides further evidence for a cusp of BH-LMXBs in the central pc of our Galaxy, as argued for in previous observational studies and suggested by analytical and theoretical work. Our ongoing multi-wavelength study, involving a complementary range of observatories and spanning different outburst states, can serve as a model for future time domain astrophysics research. |
| title | A multiwavelength study of the Galactic center black hole candidate MAXI J1744-294 |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14465 |