Out-of-Sight Embodied Agents: Multimodal Tracking, Sensor Fusion, and Trajectory Forecasting

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Zhang, Haichao, Xu, Yi, Fu, Yun
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Zhang, Haichao
Xu, Yi
Fu, Yun
author_facet Zhang, Haichao
Xu, Yi
Fu, Yun
contents Trajectory prediction is a fundamental problem in computer vision, vision-language-action models, world models, and autonomous systems, with broad impact on autonomous driving, robotics, and surveillance. However, most existing methods assume complete and clean observations, and therefore do not adequately handle out-of-sight agents or noisy sensing signals caused by limited camera coverage, occlusions, and the absence of ground-truth denoised trajectories. These challenges raise safety concerns and reduce robustness in real-world deployment. In this extended study, we introduce major improvements to Out-of-Sight Trajectory (OST), a task for predicting noise-free visual trajectories of out-of-sight objects from noisy sensor observations. Building on our prior work, we expand Out-of-Sight Trajectory Prediction (OOSTraj) from pedestrians to both pedestrians and vehicles, increasing its relevance to autonomous driving, robotics, and surveillance. Our improved Vision-Positioning Denoising Module exploits camera calibration to establish vision-position correspondence, mitigating the lack of direct visual cues and enabling effective unsupervised denoising of noisy sensor signals. Extensive experiments on the Vi-Fi and JRDB datasets show that our method achieves state-of-the-art results for both trajectory denoising and trajectory prediction, with clear gains over prior baselines. We also compare with classical denoising methods, including Kalman filtering, and adapt recent trajectory prediction models to this setting, establishing a stronger benchmark. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to use vision-positioning projection to denoise noisy sensor trajectories of out-of-sight agents, opening new directions for future research.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_15219
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Out-of-Sight Embodied Agents: Multimodal Tracking, Sensor Fusion, and Trajectory Forecasting
Zhang, Haichao
Xu, Yi
Fu, Yun
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Machine Learning
Multiagent Systems
Multimedia
Robotics
68T45, 68U10, 68T07, 68T40, 93C85, 93E11, 62M20, 62M10, 68U05, 94A12
F.2.2; I.2.9; I.2.10; I.4.1; I.4.8; I.4.9; I.5.4; I.3.7
Trajectory prediction is a fundamental problem in computer vision, vision-language-action models, world models, and autonomous systems, with broad impact on autonomous driving, robotics, and surveillance. However, most existing methods assume complete and clean observations, and therefore do not adequately handle out-of-sight agents or noisy sensing signals caused by limited camera coverage, occlusions, and the absence of ground-truth denoised trajectories. These challenges raise safety concerns and reduce robustness in real-world deployment. In this extended study, we introduce major improvements to Out-of-Sight Trajectory (OST), a task for predicting noise-free visual trajectories of out-of-sight objects from noisy sensor observations. Building on our prior work, we expand Out-of-Sight Trajectory Prediction (OOSTraj) from pedestrians to both pedestrians and vehicles, increasing its relevance to autonomous driving, robotics, and surveillance. Our improved Vision-Positioning Denoising Module exploits camera calibration to establish vision-position correspondence, mitigating the lack of direct visual cues and enabling effective unsupervised denoising of noisy sensor signals. Extensive experiments on the Vi-Fi and JRDB datasets show that our method achieves state-of-the-art results for both trajectory denoising and trajectory prediction, with clear gains over prior baselines. We also compare with classical denoising methods, including Kalman filtering, and adapt recent trajectory prediction models to this setting, establishing a stronger benchmark. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to use vision-positioning projection to denoise noisy sensor trajectories of out-of-sight agents, opening new directions for future research.
title Out-of-Sight Embodied Agents: Multimodal Tracking, Sensor Fusion, and Trajectory Forecasting
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Machine Learning
Multiagent Systems
Multimedia
Robotics
68T45, 68U10, 68T07, 68T40, 93C85, 93E11, 62M20, 62M10, 68U05, 94A12
F.2.2; I.2.9; I.2.10; I.4.1; I.4.8; I.4.9; I.5.4; I.3.7
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.15219