Electrically Reconfigurable Arbitrary Splitting-Ratio Optical Splitter Based on Low-Loss Sb2Se3
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2025
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| author | Li, Yuru Ou, Wanting Lu, Qi Yao, Shunyu Zhu, Ning Liu, Songyue Zhong, Yuan Li, Yan Sun, Lu Li, Ying Zhang, Tao Ao, Zhaohuan Li, Zhaohui Lu, Chao Yu, Zhiyi |
| author_facet | Li, Yuru Ou, Wanting Lu, Qi Yao, Shunyu Zhu, Ning Liu, Songyue Zhong, Yuan Li, Yan Sun, Lu Li, Ying Zhang, Tao Ao, Zhaohuan Li, Zhaohui Lu, Chao Yu, Zhiyi |
| contents | Reconfigurable beam splitters capable of being arbitrarily programmed for the power splitting ratios are vital for the adaptive optical networks and photonic computing. Conventional mechanisms such as thermo-optic, free-carrier, or mechanical tuning are usually volatile and require continuous power, limiting their suitability for low-frequency and low power-consumption programmable operations. Here, we experimentally demonstrate an electrically reconfigurable beam splitter based on the low-loss phase-change material Sb2Se3, enabling multi-level and arbitrary splitting-ratio (SR) control. By locally triggering phase transitions in the coupling region with integrated micro-electrodes, we exploit the high refractive-index contrast between different phases and negligible absorption in the near-infrared wavelength of Sb2Se3 to precisely tune the coupling strength with non-volatile retention. 8-level of power splitting states is achieved within a compact footprint of ~14.5-μm in the experiments, with insertion loss is ~1 dB across 1515-1550 nm and near-zero static power. Combining the advantages of compactness, broad bandwidth, low loss, non-volatility, and multi-level control experimentally, this device provides a universal building block for scalable, energy-efficient reconfigurable photonic circuits, with great prospects in optical computing and intelligent communication systems. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_15943 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Electrically Reconfigurable Arbitrary Splitting-Ratio Optical Splitter Based on Low-Loss Sb2Se3 Li, Yuru Ou, Wanting Lu, Qi Yao, Shunyu Zhu, Ning Liu, Songyue Zhong, Yuan Li, Yan Sun, Lu Li, Ying Zhang, Tao Ao, Zhaohuan Li, Zhaohui Lu, Chao Yu, Zhiyi Optics Applied Physics Reconfigurable beam splitters capable of being arbitrarily programmed for the power splitting ratios are vital for the adaptive optical networks and photonic computing. Conventional mechanisms such as thermo-optic, free-carrier, or mechanical tuning are usually volatile and require continuous power, limiting their suitability for low-frequency and low power-consumption programmable operations. Here, we experimentally demonstrate an electrically reconfigurable beam splitter based on the low-loss phase-change material Sb2Se3, enabling multi-level and arbitrary splitting-ratio (SR) control. By locally triggering phase transitions in the coupling region with integrated micro-electrodes, we exploit the high refractive-index contrast between different phases and negligible absorption in the near-infrared wavelength of Sb2Se3 to precisely tune the coupling strength with non-volatile retention. 8-level of power splitting states is achieved within a compact footprint of ~14.5-μm in the experiments, with insertion loss is ~1 dB across 1515-1550 nm and near-zero static power. Combining the advantages of compactness, broad bandwidth, low loss, non-volatility, and multi-level control experimentally, this device provides a universal building block for scalable, energy-efficient reconfigurable photonic circuits, with great prospects in optical computing and intelligent communication systems. |
| title | Electrically Reconfigurable Arbitrary Splitting-Ratio Optical Splitter Based on Low-Loss Sb2Se3 |
| topic | Optics Applied Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.15943 |