Relativistically-strong electromagnetic waves in magnetized plasmas
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866917405252386816 |
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| author | Lyutikov, Maxim |
| author_facet | Lyutikov, Maxim |
| contents | Using a two-fluid approach, we consider the properties of relativistically nonlinear (arbitrary $a_0$), circularly polarized \EM\ waves propagating along magnetic field in electron-ion and pair plasmas. Dispersion relations depend on how wave intensity scales with frequency, $a_0 (ω)$. For superluminal branches, the nonlinear effects reduce the cut-off frequency, while the general form of the dispersion relations $ω(k)$ remains similar to the linear case. For subluminal waves, whistlers and Alfven, a new effect appears: dispersion curves effectively terminate at finite $ω^\ast - k^\ast$, where the group velocity becomes zero. Qualitatively, subluminal modes with fluctuating electric field larger than the guide field, $E_w (ω) \geq B_0$, cannot propagate. In extended systems, e.g., within magnetospheres of neutron stars, this leads to opening of the magnetosphere by a strong wave. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_17245 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Relativistically-strong electromagnetic waves in magnetized plasmas Lyutikov, Maxim High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Plasma Physics Using a two-fluid approach, we consider the properties of relativistically nonlinear (arbitrary $a_0$), circularly polarized \EM\ waves propagating along magnetic field in electron-ion and pair plasmas. Dispersion relations depend on how wave intensity scales with frequency, $a_0 (ω)$. For superluminal branches, the nonlinear effects reduce the cut-off frequency, while the general form of the dispersion relations $ω(k)$ remains similar to the linear case. For subluminal waves, whistlers and Alfven, a new effect appears: dispersion curves effectively terminate at finite $ω^\ast - k^\ast$, where the group velocity becomes zero. Qualitatively, subluminal modes with fluctuating electric field larger than the guide field, $E_w (ω) \geq B_0$, cannot propagate. In extended systems, e.g., within magnetospheres of neutron stars, this leads to opening of the magnetosphere by a strong wave. |
| title | Relativistically-strong electromagnetic waves in magnetized plasmas |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Plasma Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.17245 |