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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.17679 |
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| _version_ | 1866917097861283840 |
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| author | Qian, Ri-Qing Liu, Xiang |
| author_facet | Qian, Ri-Qing Liu, Xiang |
| contents | The recent observation of multiple near-threshold structures in $e^+e^-$ annihilation-including $ψ(3770)$, $G(3900)$, $R(3760)$, $R(3780)$, and $R(3810)$-reveals limitations in existing models of charmonium and exotic hadrons. In this paper, we propose a unified coupled-channel description that simultaneously incorporates all five near-threshold structures using parameters constrained by hadron spectroscopy. Our model accurately reproduces the line shapes in both $D\bar{D}$ and nonopen-charm hadron (nOCH) channels, resolves the asymmetric profile of $ψ(3770)$, and produces the $G(3900)$ bump. We identify the $R(3780)$ as the dominant manifestation of $ψ(3770)$, attribute $R(3760)$ to $D\bar{D} \to \text{nOCH}$ rescattering and suggest that $R(3810)$ arises from coupling between the $ψ(1D)$ state and the $h_cππ$ channel. The significant non-$D\bar{D}$ decay of $ψ(3770)$ is explained by its near-threshold position. This analysis provides a coherent, unquenched framework centered on a charmonium $ψ(1D)$ core for near-threshold phenomena and offers a predictive approach extendable to bottomonium systems and future data from Belle II. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_17679 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Unified coupled-channel description for the five near-threshold structures $ψ(3770)$, $G(3900)$, $R(3760)$, $R(3780)$ and $R(3810)$ from $e^+e^-$ annihilation Qian, Ri-Qing Liu, Xiang High Energy Physics - Phenomenology The recent observation of multiple near-threshold structures in $e^+e^-$ annihilation-including $ψ(3770)$, $G(3900)$, $R(3760)$, $R(3780)$, and $R(3810)$-reveals limitations in existing models of charmonium and exotic hadrons. In this paper, we propose a unified coupled-channel description that simultaneously incorporates all five near-threshold structures using parameters constrained by hadron spectroscopy. Our model accurately reproduces the line shapes in both $D\bar{D}$ and nonopen-charm hadron (nOCH) channels, resolves the asymmetric profile of $ψ(3770)$, and produces the $G(3900)$ bump. We identify the $R(3780)$ as the dominant manifestation of $ψ(3770)$, attribute $R(3760)$ to $D\bar{D} \to \text{nOCH}$ rescattering and suggest that $R(3810)$ arises from coupling between the $ψ(1D)$ state and the $h_cππ$ channel. The significant non-$D\bar{D}$ decay of $ψ(3770)$ is explained by its near-threshold position. This analysis provides a coherent, unquenched framework centered on a charmonium $ψ(1D)$ core for near-threshold phenomena and offers a predictive approach extendable to bottomonium systems and future data from Belle II. |
| title | Unified coupled-channel description for the five near-threshold structures $ψ(3770)$, $G(3900)$, $R(3760)$, $R(3780)$ and $R(3810)$ from $e^+e^-$ annihilation |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.17679 |