Exact gradient for general cost functions in variational quantum algorithms

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Urbaneja, Jesus, Ho, Le Bin
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2025
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author Urbaneja, Jesus
Ho, Le Bin
author_facet Urbaneja, Jesus
Ho, Le Bin
contents We present a unitary-based gradient formulation for variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) that applies to general differentiable cost function defined by a parameterized quantum circuit composed of Pauli-generated rotations. The gradient is obtained directly from the underlying unitary evolution, without assuming a specific expectation-value form of the cost function. The resulting expressions can be accessed on quantum hardware using the Hadamard and Hilbert-Schmidt tests. We demonstrate the method in variational quantum compilation, where it yields stable and accurate gradient estimates. This unitary-based framework therefore provides a broadly applicable and hardware-compatible tool for gradient evaluation in VQAs.
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institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Exact gradient for general cost functions in variational quantum algorithms
Urbaneja, Jesus
Ho, Le Bin
Quantum Physics
We present a unitary-based gradient formulation for variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) that applies to general differentiable cost function defined by a parameterized quantum circuit composed of Pauli-generated rotations. The gradient is obtained directly from the underlying unitary evolution, without assuming a specific expectation-value form of the cost function. The resulting expressions can be accessed on quantum hardware using the Hadamard and Hilbert-Schmidt tests. We demonstrate the method in variational quantum compilation, where it yields stable and accurate gradient estimates. This unitary-based framework therefore provides a broadly applicable and hardware-compatible tool for gradient evaluation in VQAs.
title Exact gradient for general cost functions in variational quantum algorithms
topic Quantum Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.17822