Integer solutions of Pell equation in bounded regions

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Ong, Kun Yi, Ismail, Eddie Shahril Bin
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Ong, Kun Yi
Ismail, Eddie Shahril Bin
author_facet Ong, Kun Yi
Ismail, Eddie Shahril Bin
contents The Pell equation $x^2 - Dy^2 = 1$ with non-square $D > 1$ has infinitely many integer solutions, yet most research has centered on the asymptotic behavior of fundamental units as $D$ varies. By contrast, the exact distribution of solutions for a fixed $D$ within bounded regions has received little attention. In this paper, we contribute to this direction by giving an explicit enumeration of all solutions to the Pell equation inside the square $|x| + |y| \leq λ$ for any $λ> 0$. We further extend our results to the shifted Pell equation $\left(x-a\right)^2 - D\left(y-b\right)^2 = 1$ for integers $a$ and $b$, obtaining exact counts for sufficiently large $λ$.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_17882
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Integer solutions of Pell equation in bounded regions
Ong, Kun Yi
Ismail, Eddie Shahril Bin
Number Theory
11D09, 11D45
The Pell equation $x^2 - Dy^2 = 1$ with non-square $D > 1$ has infinitely many integer solutions, yet most research has centered on the asymptotic behavior of fundamental units as $D$ varies. By contrast, the exact distribution of solutions for a fixed $D$ within bounded regions has received little attention. In this paper, we contribute to this direction by giving an explicit enumeration of all solutions to the Pell equation inside the square $|x| + |y| \leq λ$ for any $λ> 0$. We further extend our results to the shifted Pell equation $\left(x-a\right)^2 - D\left(y-b\right)^2 = 1$ for integers $a$ and $b$, obtaining exact counts for sufficiently large $λ$.
title Integer solutions of Pell equation in bounded regions
topic Number Theory
11D09, 11D45
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.17882