Personalised Pricing: The Demise of the Fixed Price?

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Poort, Joost, Borgesius, Frederik Zuiderveen
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Poort, Joost
Borgesius, Frederik Zuiderveen
author_facet Poort, Joost
Borgesius, Frederik Zuiderveen
contents An online seller or platform is technically able to offer every consumer a different price for the same product, based on information it has about the customers. Such online price discrimination exacerbates concerns regarding the fairness and morality of price discrimination, and the possible need for regulation. In this chapter, we discuss the underlying basis of price discrimination in economic theory, and its popular perception. Our surveys show that consumers are critical and suspicious of online price discrimination. A majority consider it unacceptable and unfair, and are in favour of a ban. When stores apply online price discrimination, most consumers think they should be informed about it. We argue that the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) applies to the most controversial forms of online price discrimination, and not only requires companies to disclose their use of price discrimination, but also requires companies to ask customers for their prior consent. Industry practice, however, does not show any adoption of these two principles.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_18212
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Personalised Pricing: The Demise of the Fixed Price?
Poort, Joost
Borgesius, Frederik Zuiderveen
Computers and Society
An online seller or platform is technically able to offer every consumer a different price for the same product, based on information it has about the customers. Such online price discrimination exacerbates concerns regarding the fairness and morality of price discrimination, and the possible need for regulation. In this chapter, we discuss the underlying basis of price discrimination in economic theory, and its popular perception. Our surveys show that consumers are critical and suspicious of online price discrimination. A majority consider it unacceptable and unfair, and are in favour of a ban. When stores apply online price discrimination, most consumers think they should be informed about it. We argue that the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) applies to the most controversial forms of online price discrimination, and not only requires companies to disclose their use of price discrimination, but also requires companies to ask customers for their prior consent. Industry practice, however, does not show any adoption of these two principles.
title Personalised Pricing: The Demise of the Fixed Price?
topic Computers and Society
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.18212