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Main Authors: Keelawat, Panayu, Nere, Darshan, Bali, Jyotshna, Dwisantika, Rezky, Phalak, Yogesh, Kahak, Ardalan, Naicker, Anekan, He, Liang, Li, Suyi, Chen, Yan
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.18662
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author Keelawat, Panayu
Nere, Darshan
Bali, Jyotshna
Dwisantika, Rezky
Phalak, Yogesh
Kahak, Ardalan
Naicker, Anekan
He, Liang
Li, Suyi
Chen, Yan
author_facet Keelawat, Panayu
Nere, Darshan
Bali, Jyotshna
Dwisantika, Rezky
Phalak, Yogesh
Kahak, Ardalan
Naicker, Anekan
He, Liang
Li, Suyi
Chen, Yan
contents Strength training carries inherent safety risks when exercises are performed without supervision. While haptics research has advanced, there remains a gap in how to integrate on-body feedback into intelligent wearables. Developing such a design space requires experiencing feedback in context, yet obtaining functional systems is costly. By addressing these challenges, we introduce FlexGuard, a design space for on-body feedback that scaffolds safety during strength training. The design space was derived from nine co-design workshops, where novice trainees and expert trainers DIY'd low-fidelity on-body feedback systems, tried them immediately, and surfaced needs and challenges encountered in real exercising contexts. We then evaluated the design space through speed dating, using storyboards to cover the design dimensions. We followed up with workshops to further validate selected dimensions in practice through a proof-of-concept wearable system prototype, examining how on-body feedback scaffolds safety during exercise. Our findings extend the design space for sports and fitness wearables in the context of strength training.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_18662
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle FlexGuard: A Design Space for On-Body Feedback for Safety Scaffolding in Strength Training
Keelawat, Panayu
Nere, Darshan
Bali, Jyotshna
Dwisantika, Rezky
Phalak, Yogesh
Kahak, Ardalan
Naicker, Anekan
He, Liang
Li, Suyi
Chen, Yan
Human-Computer Interaction
Strength training carries inherent safety risks when exercises are performed without supervision. While haptics research has advanced, there remains a gap in how to integrate on-body feedback into intelligent wearables. Developing such a design space requires experiencing feedback in context, yet obtaining functional systems is costly. By addressing these challenges, we introduce FlexGuard, a design space for on-body feedback that scaffolds safety during strength training. The design space was derived from nine co-design workshops, where novice trainees and expert trainers DIY'd low-fidelity on-body feedback systems, tried them immediately, and surfaced needs and challenges encountered in real exercising contexts. We then evaluated the design space through speed dating, using storyboards to cover the design dimensions. We followed up with workshops to further validate selected dimensions in practice through a proof-of-concept wearable system prototype, examining how on-body feedback scaffolds safety during exercise. Our findings extend the design space for sports and fitness wearables in the context of strength training.
title FlexGuard: A Design Space for On-Body Feedback for Safety Scaffolding in Strength Training
topic Human-Computer Interaction
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.18662