No Universal Purification in Quantum Mechanics

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Liu, Zhenhuan, Du, Zhenyu, Cai, Zhenyu, Liu, Zi-Wen
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866912604814835712
author Liu, Zhenhuan
Du, Zhenyu
Cai, Zhenyu
Liu, Zi-Wen
author_facet Liu, Zhenhuan
Du, Zhenyu
Cai, Zhenyu
Liu, Zi-Wen
contents We prove that the linearity and positivity of quantum mechanics impose general restrictions on quantum purification, unveiling a new fundamental limitation of quantum information processing. In particular, no quantum operation can transform a finite number of copies of an unknown quantum state or channel into a pure state or channel that depends on the input, thereby ruling out an important form of universal purification in both static and dynamical settings. Relaxing the requirement of exact pure output, we further extend our result to establish quantitative sample complexity bounds for approximate purification, independent of any task details or operational constraints. To illustrate the practical consequences of this principle, we examine the task of approximately preparing pure dilation and, for the first time, prove an exponential lower bound on the required sample complexity.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_21111
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle No Universal Purification in Quantum Mechanics
Liu, Zhenhuan
Du, Zhenyu
Cai, Zhenyu
Liu, Zi-Wen
Quantum Physics
We prove that the linearity and positivity of quantum mechanics impose general restrictions on quantum purification, unveiling a new fundamental limitation of quantum information processing. In particular, no quantum operation can transform a finite number of copies of an unknown quantum state or channel into a pure state or channel that depends on the input, thereby ruling out an important form of universal purification in both static and dynamical settings. Relaxing the requirement of exact pure output, we further extend our result to establish quantitative sample complexity bounds for approximate purification, independent of any task details or operational constraints. To illustrate the practical consequences of this principle, we examine the task of approximately preparing pure dilation and, for the first time, prove an exponential lower bound on the required sample complexity.
title No Universal Purification in Quantum Mechanics
topic Quantum Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.21111