Towards the Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND): the GRANDProto300 and GRAND@Auger prototypes

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Main Authors: GRAND Collaboration, Álvarez-Muniz, Jaime, Batista, Rafael Alves, Benoit-Lévy, Aurélien, Bister, Teresa, Bohacova, Martina, Bustamante, Mauricio, Carvalho, Washington, Chen, Yiren, Cheng, LingMei, Chiche, Simon, Colley, Jean-Marc, Correa, Pablo, Laurenciu, Nicoleta Cucu, Dai, Zigao, de Almeida, Rogerio M., de Errico, Beatriz, Neto, João R. T. de Mello, de Vries, Krijn D., Decoene, Valentin, Denton, Peter B., Duan, Bohao, Duan, Kaikai, Engel, Ralph, Erba, William, Fan, Yizhong, Ferrière, Arsène, Góngora, Juan Pablo, Gou, QuanBu, Gu, Junhua, Guelfand, Marion, Guo, Gang, Guo, Jianhua, Guo, Yiqing, Guépin, Claire, Gülzow, Lukas, Haungs, Andreas, Havelka, Matej, He, Haoning, Hivon, Eric, Hu, Hongbo, Huang, Guoyuan, Huang, Xiaoyuan, Huang, Yan, Huege, Tim, Jiang, Wen, Kato, Sei, Koirala, Ramesh, Kotera, Kumiko, Köhler, Jelena, Lago, Bruno L., Lai, Zhisen, Lavoisier, Jolan, Legrand, François, Leisos, Antonios, Li, Rui, Li, Xingyu, Liu, Cheng, Liu, Ruoyu, Liu, Wei, Ma, Pengxiong, Macias, Oscar, Magnard, Frédéric, Marcowith, Alexandre, Martineau-Huynh, Olivier, Mason, Zach, McKinley, Thomas, Minodier, Paul, Mostafá, Miguel, Murase, Kohta, Niess, Valentin, Nonis, Stavros, Ogio, Shoichi, Oikonomou, Foteini, Pan, Hongwei, Papageorgiou, Konstantinos, Pierog, Tanguy, Piotrowski, Lech Wiktor, Prunet, Simon, Prévotat, Clément, Qian, Xiangli, Roth, Markus, Sako, Takashi, Shinde, Sarvesh, Szálas-Motesiczky, Dániel, Sławiński, Szymon, Takahashi, Kaoru, Tian, Xishui, Timmermans, Charles, Tobiska, Petr, Tsirigotis, Apostolos, Tueros, Matías, Vittakis, George, Voisin, Vincent, Wang, Hanrui, Wang, Jiale, Wang, Shen, Wang, Xiangyu, Wang, Xu, Wei, Daming, Wei, Feng, Weissling, Emily, Wu, Juan, Wu, Xiangping, Wu, Xuefeng, Xu, Xin, Xu, Xing, Yang, Fufu, Yang, Lili, Yang, Xuan, Yuan, Qiang, Zarka, Philippe, Zeng, Houdun, Zhang, Chao, Zhang, Jianli, Zhang, Kewen, Zhang, Pengfei, Zhang, Qingchi, Zhang, Songbo, Zhang, Yi, Zhou, Hao
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Published: 2025
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author GRAND Collaboration
Álvarez-Muniz, Jaime
Batista, Rafael Alves
Benoit-Lévy, Aurélien
Bister, Teresa
Bohacova, Martina
Bustamante, Mauricio
Carvalho, Washington
Chen, Yiren
Cheng, LingMei
Chiche, Simon
Colley, Jean-Marc
Correa, Pablo
Laurenciu, Nicoleta Cucu
Dai, Zigao
de Almeida, Rogerio M.
de Errico, Beatriz
Neto, João R. T. de Mello
de Vries, Krijn D.
Decoene, Valentin
Denton, Peter B.
Duan, Bohao
Duan, Kaikai
Engel, Ralph
Erba, William
Fan, Yizhong
Ferrière, Arsène
Góngora, Juan Pablo
Gou, QuanBu
Gu, Junhua
Guelfand, Marion
Guo, Gang
Guo, Jianhua
Guo, Yiqing
Guépin, Claire
Gülzow, Lukas
Haungs, Andreas
Havelka, Matej
He, Haoning
Hivon, Eric
Hu, Hongbo
Huang, Guoyuan
Huang, Xiaoyuan
Huang, Yan
Huege, Tim
Jiang, Wen
Kato, Sei
Koirala, Ramesh
Kotera, Kumiko
Köhler, Jelena
Lago, Bruno L.
Lai, Zhisen
Lavoisier, Jolan
Legrand, François
Leisos, Antonios
Li, Rui
Li, Xingyu
Liu, Cheng
Liu, Ruoyu
Liu, Wei
Ma, Pengxiong
Macias, Oscar
Magnard, Frédéric
Marcowith, Alexandre
Martineau-Huynh, Olivier
Mason, Zach
McKinley, Thomas
Minodier, Paul
Mostafá, Miguel
Murase, Kohta
Niess, Valentin
Nonis, Stavros
Ogio, Shoichi
Oikonomou, Foteini
Pan, Hongwei
Papageorgiou, Konstantinos
Pierog, Tanguy
Piotrowski, Lech Wiktor
Prunet, Simon
Prévotat, Clément
Qian, Xiangli
Roth, Markus
Sako, Takashi
Shinde, Sarvesh
Szálas-Motesiczky, Dániel
Sławiński, Szymon
Takahashi, Kaoru
Tian, Xishui
Timmermans, Charles
Tobiska, Petr
Tsirigotis, Apostolos
Tueros, Matías
Vittakis, George
Voisin, Vincent
Wang, Hanrui
Wang, Jiale
Wang, Shen
Wang, Xiangyu
Wang, Xu
Wei, Daming
Wei, Feng
Weissling, Emily
Wu, Juan
Wu, Xiangping
Wu, Xuefeng
Xu, Xin
Xu, Xing
Yang, Fufu
Yang, Lili
Yang, Xuan
Yuan, Qiang
Zarka, Philippe
Zeng, Houdun
Zhang, Chao
Zhang, Jianli
Zhang, Kewen
Zhang, Pengfei
Zhang, Qingchi
Zhang, Songbo
Zhang, Yi
Zhou, Hao
author_facet GRAND Collaboration
Álvarez-Muniz, Jaime
Batista, Rafael Alves
Benoit-Lévy, Aurélien
Bister, Teresa
Bohacova, Martina
Bustamante, Mauricio
Carvalho, Washington
Chen, Yiren
Cheng, LingMei
Chiche, Simon
Colley, Jean-Marc
Correa, Pablo
Laurenciu, Nicoleta Cucu
Dai, Zigao
de Almeida, Rogerio M.
de Errico, Beatriz
Neto, João R. T. de Mello
de Vries, Krijn D.
Decoene, Valentin
Denton, Peter B.
Duan, Bohao
Duan, Kaikai
Engel, Ralph
Erba, William
Fan, Yizhong
Ferrière, Arsène
Góngora, Juan Pablo
Gou, QuanBu
Gu, Junhua
Guelfand, Marion
Guo, Gang
Guo, Jianhua
Guo, Yiqing
Guépin, Claire
Gülzow, Lukas
Haungs, Andreas
Havelka, Matej
He, Haoning
Hivon, Eric
Hu, Hongbo
Huang, Guoyuan
Huang, Xiaoyuan
Huang, Yan
Huege, Tim
Jiang, Wen
Kato, Sei
Koirala, Ramesh
Kotera, Kumiko
Köhler, Jelena
Lago, Bruno L.
Lai, Zhisen
Lavoisier, Jolan
Legrand, François
Leisos, Antonios
Li, Rui
Li, Xingyu
Liu, Cheng
Liu, Ruoyu
Liu, Wei
Ma, Pengxiong
Macias, Oscar
Magnard, Frédéric
Marcowith, Alexandre
Martineau-Huynh, Olivier
Mason, Zach
McKinley, Thomas
Minodier, Paul
Mostafá, Miguel
Murase, Kohta
Niess, Valentin
Nonis, Stavros
Ogio, Shoichi
Oikonomou, Foteini
Pan, Hongwei
Papageorgiou, Konstantinos
Pierog, Tanguy
Piotrowski, Lech Wiktor
Prunet, Simon
Prévotat, Clément
Qian, Xiangli
Roth, Markus
Sako, Takashi
Shinde, Sarvesh
Szálas-Motesiczky, Dániel
Sławiński, Szymon
Takahashi, Kaoru
Tian, Xishui
Timmermans, Charles
Tobiska, Petr
Tsirigotis, Apostolos
Tueros, Matías
Vittakis, George
Voisin, Vincent
Wang, Hanrui
Wang, Jiale
Wang, Shen
Wang, Xiangyu
Wang, Xu
Wei, Daming
Wei, Feng
Weissling, Emily
Wu, Juan
Wu, Xiangping
Wu, Xuefeng
Xu, Xin
Xu, Xing
Yang, Fufu
Yang, Lili
Yang, Xuan
Yuan, Qiang
Zarka, Philippe
Zeng, Houdun
Zhang, Chao
Zhang, Jianli
Zhang, Kewen
Zhang, Pengfei
Zhang, Qingchi
Zhang, Songbo
Zhang, Yi
Zhou, Hao
contents The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND) is a proposed multi-messenger observatory of Ultra-High-Energy (UHE) particles of cosmic origin. Its main goal is to find the long-sought origin of UHE cosmic rays by detecting large numbers of them and the secondary particles created by their interactions like gamma rays and neutrinos. The GRAND Collaboration plans to achieve this using large arrays of radio antennas that look for the radio signals emitted by the air showers initiated by the interactions of the UHE particles in the atmosphere. Since 2023, three small-scale prototype GRAND arrays have been in operation: GRAND@Nançay in France, GRAND@Auger in Argentina, and GRANDProto300 in China. Together, their goal is to validate the detection principle of GRAND under prolonged field conditions, achieving efficient, autonomous radio-detection of air showers. We describe the hardware, software, layout, and operation of the GRAND prototypes. Using their data, we show a first characterization of the local electromagnetic environment of each site and a measurement of the Galactic synchrotron emission. Despite challenges, the successful operation of the prototypes confirms that the GRAND instrumentation is apt to address the goals of the experiment and lays the groundwork for its ensuing stages.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_21306
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Towards the Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND): the GRANDProto300 and GRAND@Auger prototypes
GRAND Collaboration
Álvarez-Muniz, Jaime
Batista, Rafael Alves
Benoit-Lévy, Aurélien
Bister, Teresa
Bohacova, Martina
Bustamante, Mauricio
Carvalho, Washington
Chen, Yiren
Cheng, LingMei
Chiche, Simon
Colley, Jean-Marc
Correa, Pablo
Laurenciu, Nicoleta Cucu
Dai, Zigao
de Almeida, Rogerio M.
de Errico, Beatriz
Neto, João R. T. de Mello
de Vries, Krijn D.
Decoene, Valentin
Denton, Peter B.
Duan, Bohao
Duan, Kaikai
Engel, Ralph
Erba, William
Fan, Yizhong
Ferrière, Arsène
Góngora, Juan Pablo
Gou, QuanBu
Gu, Junhua
Guelfand, Marion
Guo, Gang
Guo, Jianhua
Guo, Yiqing
Guépin, Claire
Gülzow, Lukas
Haungs, Andreas
Havelka, Matej
He, Haoning
Hivon, Eric
Hu, Hongbo
Huang, Guoyuan
Huang, Xiaoyuan
Huang, Yan
Huege, Tim
Jiang, Wen
Kato, Sei
Koirala, Ramesh
Kotera, Kumiko
Köhler, Jelena
Lago, Bruno L.
Lai, Zhisen
Lavoisier, Jolan
Legrand, François
Leisos, Antonios
Li, Rui
Li, Xingyu
Liu, Cheng
Liu, Ruoyu
Liu, Wei
Ma, Pengxiong
Macias, Oscar
Magnard, Frédéric
Marcowith, Alexandre
Martineau-Huynh, Olivier
Mason, Zach
McKinley, Thomas
Minodier, Paul
Mostafá, Miguel
Murase, Kohta
Niess, Valentin
Nonis, Stavros
Ogio, Shoichi
Oikonomou, Foteini
Pan, Hongwei
Papageorgiou, Konstantinos
Pierog, Tanguy
Piotrowski, Lech Wiktor
Prunet, Simon
Prévotat, Clément
Qian, Xiangli
Roth, Markus
Sako, Takashi
Shinde, Sarvesh
Szálas-Motesiczky, Dániel
Sławiński, Szymon
Takahashi, Kaoru
Tian, Xishui
Timmermans, Charles
Tobiska, Petr
Tsirigotis, Apostolos
Tueros, Matías
Vittakis, George
Voisin, Vincent
Wang, Hanrui
Wang, Jiale
Wang, Shen
Wang, Xiangyu
Wang, Xu
Wei, Daming
Wei, Feng
Weissling, Emily
Wu, Juan
Wu, Xiangping
Wu, Xuefeng
Xu, Xin
Xu, Xing
Yang, Fufu
Yang, Lili
Yang, Xuan
Yuan, Qiang
Zarka, Philippe
Zeng, Houdun
Zhang, Chao
Zhang, Jianli
Zhang, Kewen
Zhang, Pengfei
Zhang, Qingchi
Zhang, Songbo
Zhang, Yi
Zhou, Hao
Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
High Energy Physics - Experiment
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND) is a proposed multi-messenger observatory of Ultra-High-Energy (UHE) particles of cosmic origin. Its main goal is to find the long-sought origin of UHE cosmic rays by detecting large numbers of them and the secondary particles created by their interactions like gamma rays and neutrinos. The GRAND Collaboration plans to achieve this using large arrays of radio antennas that look for the radio signals emitted by the air showers initiated by the interactions of the UHE particles in the atmosphere. Since 2023, three small-scale prototype GRAND arrays have been in operation: GRAND@Nançay in France, GRAND@Auger in Argentina, and GRANDProto300 in China. Together, their goal is to validate the detection principle of GRAND under prolonged field conditions, achieving efficient, autonomous radio-detection of air showers. We describe the hardware, software, layout, and operation of the GRAND prototypes. Using their data, we show a first characterization of the local electromagnetic environment of each site and a measurement of the Galactic synchrotron emission. Despite challenges, the successful operation of the prototypes confirms that the GRAND instrumentation is apt to address the goals of the experiment and lays the groundwork for its ensuing stages.
title Towards the Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND): the GRANDProto300 and GRAND@Auger prototypes
topic Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
High Energy Physics - Experiment
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.21306