Breaking $1/ε$ Barrier in Quantum Zero-Sum Games: Generalizing Metric Subregularity for Spectraplexes

Fuente: arXiv
Salvato in:
Dettagli Bibliografici
Autori principali: Su, Yiheng, Vlatakis-Gkaragkounis, Emmanouil-Vasileios, Xiong, Pucheng
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
Soggetti:
Accesso online:
Tags: Aggiungi Tag
Nessun Tag, puoi essere il primo ad aggiungerne!!
_version_ 1866908559245049856
author Su, Yiheng
Vlatakis-Gkaragkounis, Emmanouil-Vasileios
Xiong, Pucheng
author_facet Su, Yiheng
Vlatakis-Gkaragkounis, Emmanouil-Vasileios
Xiong, Pucheng
contents Long studied as a toy model, quantum zero-sum games have recently resurfaced as a canonical playground for modern areas such as non-local games, quantum interactive proofs, and quantum machine learning. In this simple yet fundamental setting, two competing quantum players send iteratively mixed quantum states to a referee, who performs a joint measurement to determine their payoffs. In 2025, Vasconcelos et al. [arXiv:2311.10859] connected quantum communication channels with a hierarchy of quantum optimization algorithms that generalize Matrix Multiplicative Weights Update ($\texttt{MMWU}$) through extra-gradient mechanisms, establishing an average-iterate convergence rate of $\mathcal{O}(1/ε)$ iterations to $ε$-Nash equilibria. While a long line of work has shown that bilinear games over polyhedral domains admit gradient methods with linear last-iterate convergence rates of $\mathcal{O}(\log(1/ε))$, it has been conjectured that a fundamental performance gap must persist between quantum feasible sets (spectraplexes) and classical polyhedral sets (simplices). We resolve this conjecture in the negative. We prove that matrix variants of $\textit{Nesterov's iterative smoothing}$ ($\texttt{IterSmooth}$) and $\textit{Optimistic Gradient Descent-Ascent}$ ($\texttt{OGDA}$) achieve last-iterate convergence at a linear rate in quantum zero-sum games, thereby matching the classical polyhedral case. Our analysis relies on a new generalization of error bounds in semidefinite programming geometry, establishing that (SP-MS) holds for monotone operators over spectrahedra, despite their uncountably many extreme points. Finally, as a byproduct, we obtain an exponential speed-up over the classical Jain-Watrous [arXiv:0808.2775] method for parallel approximation of strictly positive semidefinite programs.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_21570
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Breaking $1/ε$ Barrier in Quantum Zero-Sum Games: Generalizing Metric Subregularity for Spectraplexes
Su, Yiheng
Vlatakis-Gkaragkounis, Emmanouil-Vasileios
Xiong, Pucheng
Computer Science and Game Theory
Quantum Physics
91A05, 81Q93 (Primary) 68Q32, 91A26, 37N40 (Secondary)
Long studied as a toy model, quantum zero-sum games have recently resurfaced as a canonical playground for modern areas such as non-local games, quantum interactive proofs, and quantum machine learning. In this simple yet fundamental setting, two competing quantum players send iteratively mixed quantum states to a referee, who performs a joint measurement to determine their payoffs. In 2025, Vasconcelos et al. [arXiv:2311.10859] connected quantum communication channels with a hierarchy of quantum optimization algorithms that generalize Matrix Multiplicative Weights Update ($\texttt{MMWU}$) through extra-gradient mechanisms, establishing an average-iterate convergence rate of $\mathcal{O}(1/ε)$ iterations to $ε$-Nash equilibria. While a long line of work has shown that bilinear games over polyhedral domains admit gradient methods with linear last-iterate convergence rates of $\mathcal{O}(\log(1/ε))$, it has been conjectured that a fundamental performance gap must persist between quantum feasible sets (spectraplexes) and classical polyhedral sets (simplices). We resolve this conjecture in the negative. We prove that matrix variants of $\textit{Nesterov's iterative smoothing}$ ($\texttt{IterSmooth}$) and $\textit{Optimistic Gradient Descent-Ascent}$ ($\texttt{OGDA}$) achieve last-iterate convergence at a linear rate in quantum zero-sum games, thereby matching the classical polyhedral case. Our analysis relies on a new generalization of error bounds in semidefinite programming geometry, establishing that (SP-MS) holds for monotone operators over spectrahedra, despite their uncountably many extreme points. Finally, as a byproduct, we obtain an exponential speed-up over the classical Jain-Watrous [arXiv:0808.2775] method for parallel approximation of strictly positive semidefinite programs.
title Breaking $1/ε$ Barrier in Quantum Zero-Sum Games: Generalizing Metric Subregularity for Spectraplexes
topic Computer Science and Game Theory
Quantum Physics
91A05, 81Q93 (Primary) 68Q32, 91A26, 37N40 (Secondary)
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.21570