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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.21935 |
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| _version_ | 1866908874726965248 |
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| author | Zhang, Junwei Zhang, Yongpeng Huang, Yongbo Xu, Jilei Chen, Junyou Wang, Yi |
| author_facet | Zhang, Junwei Zhang, Yongpeng Huang, Yongbo Xu, Jilei Chen, Junyou Wang, Yi |
| contents | Cosmogenic muon-induced radioactive isotopes pose a significant background source for deep-underground low-background experiments. Although rock overburdens at underground sites substantially attenuate the cosmogenic muon flux, residual muon-induced backgrounds still require active suppression. For future multi-kiloton liquid scintillator (LS) detectors, such as the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), shower muons contribute to more than 88\% of all muon-induced isotopes. Consequently, precise reconstruction of shower vertices is essential for implementing localized spatial vetoes. We propose a novel waveform-based method to reconstruct the shower vertex, defined as the energy-deposition centroid. By subtracting the track contributions from non-shower muons in the recorded waveforms, the isolated shower component is extracted. Subsequently, combined with a photon propagation model and an iterative optimization algorithm, the shower vertex positions are reconstructed. Simulations show that for 68\% of events, the single shower vertex resolution is better than 0.16~m, 0.15~m, and 0.26~m along X, Y, and Z respectively. Furthermore, the reconstruction efficiency exceeds 96\% when requiring the distance between the reconstructed and true vertices to be less than 3.0 m. This method provides a critical technical foundation for muon-induced background suppression in JUNO and other large-scale LS detectors. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_21935 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Reconstruction of the Effective Energy-deposition Vertex of Muon Showers using PMT Waveform in a Large-scale Liquid Scintillator Detector Zhang, Junwei Zhang, Yongpeng Huang, Yongbo Xu, Jilei Chen, Junyou Wang, Yi High Energy Physics - Experiment Cosmogenic muon-induced radioactive isotopes pose a significant background source for deep-underground low-background experiments. Although rock overburdens at underground sites substantially attenuate the cosmogenic muon flux, residual muon-induced backgrounds still require active suppression. For future multi-kiloton liquid scintillator (LS) detectors, such as the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), shower muons contribute to more than 88\% of all muon-induced isotopes. Consequently, precise reconstruction of shower vertices is essential for implementing localized spatial vetoes. We propose a novel waveform-based method to reconstruct the shower vertex, defined as the energy-deposition centroid. By subtracting the track contributions from non-shower muons in the recorded waveforms, the isolated shower component is extracted. Subsequently, combined with a photon propagation model and an iterative optimization algorithm, the shower vertex positions are reconstructed. Simulations show that for 68\% of events, the single shower vertex resolution is better than 0.16~m, 0.15~m, and 0.26~m along X, Y, and Z respectively. Furthermore, the reconstruction efficiency exceeds 96\% when requiring the distance between the reconstructed and true vertices to be less than 3.0 m. This method provides a critical technical foundation for muon-induced background suppression in JUNO and other large-scale LS detectors. |
| title | Reconstruction of the Effective Energy-deposition Vertex of Muon Showers using PMT Waveform in a Large-scale Liquid Scintillator Detector |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Experiment |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.21935 |