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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.22091 |
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| _version_ | 1866909808778543104 |
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| author | Luo, Xiu-Hua Schmidmeier, Markus |
| author_facet | Luo, Xiu-Hua Schmidmeier, Markus |
| contents | The ring of dual integers is the bounded polynomial ring $\mathbb Z[ε]=\mathbb Z[T]/(T^2)$ with integer coefficients. We describe the (finitely generated) Gorenstein-projective $\mathbb Z[ε]$-modules as the torsionless $\mathbb Z[ε]$-modules, or equivalently, as the perfect differential structures of abelian groups. Moreover, the stable category of G-proj$\mathbb Z[ε]$ modulo projectives is shown to be equivalent to the orbit category $\mathcal D^b(\mathbb Z)/[1]$ of the derived category of the integers and to the homotopy category of perfect differential structures.
We note that the category G-proj$\mathbb Z[ε]$ is related to the embeddings of a subgroup in a free abelian group and has a quotient which is equivalent to the category of finite abelian groups. In fact, we present a cube which has as vertices eight related categories and as edges functors which are such that the faces of the cube give rise to commutative diagrams. Among interesting properties in G-proj$\mathbb Z[ε]$, we note that uniqueness of direct sum decomposition fails. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_22091 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Gorenstein-Projective Modules over the Ring of Dual Integers Luo, Xiu-Hua Schmidmeier, Markus Representation Theory 18G25(Primary), 20K27(Secondary) The ring of dual integers is the bounded polynomial ring $\mathbb Z[ε]=\mathbb Z[T]/(T^2)$ with integer coefficients. We describe the (finitely generated) Gorenstein-projective $\mathbb Z[ε]$-modules as the torsionless $\mathbb Z[ε]$-modules, or equivalently, as the perfect differential structures of abelian groups. Moreover, the stable category of G-proj$\mathbb Z[ε]$ modulo projectives is shown to be equivalent to the orbit category $\mathcal D^b(\mathbb Z)/[1]$ of the derived category of the integers and to the homotopy category of perfect differential structures. We note that the category G-proj$\mathbb Z[ε]$ is related to the embeddings of a subgroup in a free abelian group and has a quotient which is equivalent to the category of finite abelian groups. In fact, we present a cube which has as vertices eight related categories and as edges functors which are such that the faces of the cube give rise to commutative diagrams. Among interesting properties in G-proj$\mathbb Z[ε]$, we note that uniqueness of direct sum decomposition fails. |
| title | Gorenstein-Projective Modules over the Ring of Dual Integers |
| topic | Representation Theory 18G25(Primary), 20K27(Secondary) |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.22091 |