A high-stability optical clock based on a continuously ground-state cooled Al$^+$ ion without compromising its accuracy
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arXiv
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| Autori principali: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Dawel, Fabian Pelzer, Lennart Dietze, Kai Kramer, Johannes Hild, Marek King, Steven A. Spethmann, Nicolas C. H. Klose, Joshua Stahl, Kilian Dörscher, Sören Benkler, Erik Lisdat, Christian Porsev, Sergey G. Safronova, Marianna S. Schmidt, Piet O. |
| author_facet | Dawel, Fabian Pelzer, Lennart Dietze, Kai Kramer, Johannes Hild, Marek King, Steven A. Spethmann, Nicolas C. H. Klose, Joshua Stahl, Kilian Dörscher, Sören Benkler, Erik Lisdat, Christian Porsev, Sergey G. Safronova, Marianna S. Schmidt, Piet O. |
| contents | Single ion optical clocks have shown systematic frequency uncertainties below $10^{-18}$, but typically require more than one week of averaging to achieve a corresponding statistical uncertainty. This time can be reduced with longer probe times, but comes at the cost of a higher time-dilation shift due to motional heating of the ions in the trap. We show that sympathetic ground-state cooling using electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) of an \Al clock ion via a co-trapped \Ca ion during clock interrogation suppresses the heating of the ions. \Al can be kept close to the motional ground state, independent from the chosen interrogation time, at a relative time dilation shift of $(-1.69\pm0.20)\times10^{-18}$. The \Ca cooling light introduces an additional light shift on the \Al clock transition of $(-9.27\pm 1.03)\times10^{-18}$. We project that the uncertainty of this light shift can be further reduced by nearly an order of magnitude. This sympathetic cooling enables seconds of interrogation time with $10^{-19}$ motional and cooling laser-induced uncertainties for \Al and can be employed in other ion clocks as well. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_22525 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | A high-stability optical clock based on a continuously ground-state cooled Al$^+$ ion without compromising its accuracy Dawel, Fabian Pelzer, Lennart Dietze, Kai Kramer, Johannes Hild, Marek King, Steven A. Spethmann, Nicolas C. H. Klose, Joshua Stahl, Kilian Dörscher, Sören Benkler, Erik Lisdat, Christian Porsev, Sergey G. Safronova, Marianna S. Schmidt, Piet O. Atomic Physics Single ion optical clocks have shown systematic frequency uncertainties below $10^{-18}$, but typically require more than one week of averaging to achieve a corresponding statistical uncertainty. This time can be reduced with longer probe times, but comes at the cost of a higher time-dilation shift due to motional heating of the ions in the trap. We show that sympathetic ground-state cooling using electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) of an \Al clock ion via a co-trapped \Ca ion during clock interrogation suppresses the heating of the ions. \Al can be kept close to the motional ground state, independent from the chosen interrogation time, at a relative time dilation shift of $(-1.69\pm0.20)\times10^{-18}$. The \Ca cooling light introduces an additional light shift on the \Al clock transition of $(-9.27\pm 1.03)\times10^{-18}$. We project that the uncertainty of this light shift can be further reduced by nearly an order of magnitude. This sympathetic cooling enables seconds of interrogation time with $10^{-19}$ motional and cooling laser-induced uncertainties for \Al and can be employed in other ion clocks as well. |
| title | A high-stability optical clock based on a continuously ground-state cooled Al$^+$ ion without compromising its accuracy |
| topic | Atomic Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.22525 |