Discrete Variational Autoencoding via Policy Search

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Drolet, Michael, Al-Hafez, Firas, Bhatt, Aditya, Peters, Jan, Arenz, Oleg
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866917267787218944
author Drolet, Michael
Al-Hafez, Firas
Bhatt, Aditya
Peters, Jan
Arenz, Oleg
author_facet Drolet, Michael
Al-Hafez, Firas
Bhatt, Aditya
Peters, Jan
Arenz, Oleg
contents Discrete latent bottlenecks in variational autoencoders (VAEs) offer high bit efficiency and can be modeled with autoregressive discrete distributions, enabling parameter-efficient multimodal search with transformers. However, discrete random variables do not allow for exact differentiable parameterization; therefore, discrete VAEs typically rely on approximations, such as Gumbel-Softmax reparameterization or straight-through gradient estimates, or employ high-variance gradient-free methods such as REINFORCE that have had limited success on high-dimensional tasks such as image reconstruction. Inspired by popular techniques in policy search, we propose a training framework for discrete VAEs that leverages the natural gradient of a non-parametric encoder to update the parametric encoder without requiring reparameterization. Our method, combined with automatic step size adaptation and a transformer-based encoder, scales to challenging datasets such as ImageNet and outperforms both approximate reparameterization methods and quantization-based discrete autoencoders in reconstructing high-dimensional data from compact latent spaces.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_24716
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Discrete Variational Autoencoding via Policy Search
Drolet, Michael
Al-Hafez, Firas
Bhatt, Aditya
Peters, Jan
Arenz, Oleg
Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
Robotics
Discrete latent bottlenecks in variational autoencoders (VAEs) offer high bit efficiency and can be modeled with autoregressive discrete distributions, enabling parameter-efficient multimodal search with transformers. However, discrete random variables do not allow for exact differentiable parameterization; therefore, discrete VAEs typically rely on approximations, such as Gumbel-Softmax reparameterization or straight-through gradient estimates, or employ high-variance gradient-free methods such as REINFORCE that have had limited success on high-dimensional tasks such as image reconstruction. Inspired by popular techniques in policy search, we propose a training framework for discrete VAEs that leverages the natural gradient of a non-parametric encoder to update the parametric encoder without requiring reparameterization. Our method, combined with automatic step size adaptation and a transformer-based encoder, scales to challenging datasets such as ImageNet and outperforms both approximate reparameterization methods and quantization-based discrete autoencoders in reconstructing high-dimensional data from compact latent spaces.
title Discrete Variational Autoencoding via Policy Search
topic Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
Robotics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.24716