Scalable Spin Qubit Architecture with Donor-Cluster Arrays in Silicon
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arXiv
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| Auteurs principaux: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Publié: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1866914562172780544 |
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| author | Zhang, Shihang Hu, Guangchong Zhang, Chunhui Wang, Guanyong Xin, Tao He, Yu Huang, Peihao |
| author_facet | Zhang, Shihang Hu, Guangchong Zhang, Chunhui Wang, Guanyong Xin, Tao He, Yu Huang, Peihao |
| contents | Spin qubits in silicon donors offer a promising platform for quantum computing due to their long coherence times and semiconductor compatibility. However, scaling donor-based spin qubits in silicon is fundamentally challenged by frequency crowding, crosstalk, and the tight tolerances on donor placement in conventional single-donor architectures.To overcome this, we introduce a paradigm based on a two-dimensional array of phosphorus-donor clusters, in which multiple donors share a bound electron. The natural hyperfine distribution within each cluster enables individual addressability of the electron and nuclear spins, while tunable exchange interactions between clusters mediate local all-to-all connectivity. We present a universal control protocol achieving gate fidelities exceeding 99% for both intra-cluster and inter-cluster multi-qubit operations, with crosstalk effectively suppressed. The architecture natively supports efficient quantum error correction, including bias-tailored codes that exploit the intrinsic noise bias of spin qubits. Furthermore, its modular design is compatible with long-range coupling via electron shuttling for large-scale integration. This donor-cluster array architecture establishes a robust and hardware-efficient pathway towards scalable, fault-tolerant quantum computing in silicon. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_24749 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Scalable Spin Qubit Architecture with Donor-Cluster Arrays in Silicon Zhang, Shihang Hu, Guangchong Zhang, Chunhui Wang, Guanyong Xin, Tao He, Yu Huang, Peihao Quantum Physics Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Spin qubits in silicon donors offer a promising platform for quantum computing due to their long coherence times and semiconductor compatibility. However, scaling donor-based spin qubits in silicon is fundamentally challenged by frequency crowding, crosstalk, and the tight tolerances on donor placement in conventional single-donor architectures.To overcome this, we introduce a paradigm based on a two-dimensional array of phosphorus-donor clusters, in which multiple donors share a bound electron. The natural hyperfine distribution within each cluster enables individual addressability of the electron and nuclear spins, while tunable exchange interactions between clusters mediate local all-to-all connectivity. We present a universal control protocol achieving gate fidelities exceeding 99% for both intra-cluster and inter-cluster multi-qubit operations, with crosstalk effectively suppressed. The architecture natively supports efficient quantum error correction, including bias-tailored codes that exploit the intrinsic noise bias of spin qubits. Furthermore, its modular design is compatible with long-range coupling via electron shuttling for large-scale integration. This donor-cluster array architecture establishes a robust and hardware-efficient pathway towards scalable, fault-tolerant quantum computing in silicon. |
| title | Scalable Spin Qubit Architecture with Donor-Cluster Arrays in Silicon |
| topic | Quantum Physics Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.24749 |