Vz-GAL: Probing Cold Molecular Gas in Dusty Star-forming Galaxies at z=1-6

Fuente: arXiv
Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Hauptverfasser: Prajapati, Prachi, Riechers, Dominik, Cox, Pierre, Weiss, Axel, Saintonge, Amelie, Jones, Bethany, Bakx, Tom J. L. C., Berta, Stefano, van der Werf, Paul, Neri, Roberto, Butler, Kirsty M., Cooray, Asantha, Ismail, Diana, Baker, Andrew J., Borsato, Edoardo, Harris, Andrew, Ivison, Rob, Lehnert, Matthew, Marchetti, Lucia, Messias, Hugo, Omont, Alain, Vlahakis, Catherine, Yang, Chentao
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2025
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
_version_ 1866912842350854144
author Prajapati, Prachi
Riechers, Dominik
Cox, Pierre
Weiss, Axel
Saintonge, Amelie
Jones, Bethany
Bakx, Tom J. L. C.
Berta, Stefano
van der Werf, Paul
Neri, Roberto
Butler, Kirsty M.
Cooray, Asantha
Ismail, Diana
Baker, Andrew J.
Borsato, Edoardo
Harris, Andrew
Ivison, Rob
Lehnert, Matthew
Marchetti, Lucia
Messias, Hugo
Omont, Alain
Vlahakis, Catherine
Yang, Chentao
author_facet Prajapati, Prachi
Riechers, Dominik
Cox, Pierre
Weiss, Axel
Saintonge, Amelie
Jones, Bethany
Bakx, Tom J. L. C.
Berta, Stefano
van der Werf, Paul
Neri, Roberto
Butler, Kirsty M.
Cooray, Asantha
Ismail, Diana
Baker, Andrew J.
Borsato, Edoardo
Harris, Andrew
Ivison, Rob
Lehnert, Matthew
Marchetti, Lucia
Messias, Hugo
Omont, Alain
Vlahakis, Catherine
Yang, Chentao
contents We present the first results of Vz-GAL, a high-redshift CO(J=1-0) large survey with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array, targeting 92 Herschel-selected, infrared-luminous, dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) at redshifts 1 to 6. These sources are selected based on having redshifts and mid/high-J CO transitions from the NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array z-GAL survey. We successfully detect CO(J=1-0) emission in 90/92 galaxies at the expected positions and redshifts, including 9 tentative detections at $2σ- 3σ$ significance, and CO(J=2-1) emission in 10 of these galaxies. The CO(J=1-0) luminosities suggest apparent gas masses in the range $μ{M}_{\rm H_2}$ = $(2-20) \times {10}^{11}~(α_{CO}/{4.0})~\mathrm{M_{\odot}}$, which implies gas depletion times of $(50-600)$ Myr. These timescales show similar spread as local ULIRGs, suggesting a self-regulatory mechanism that maintains a consistent SFR per unit gas mass in starbursts across redshifts. To quantify the contribution of "excitation correction" factors to gas mass estimates, we calculate median CO line brightness temperature ratios of $r_{21}=0.88\pm0.25$, $r_{31}=0.61\pm0.22$, $r_{41}=0.49\pm0.15$, $r_{51}=0.47\pm0.13$, and $r_{61}=0.28\pm0.13$. Accounting for these corrections results in a reduced scatter in 'gas mass$-$star formation rate' relations. We also find a median log(${L}^{\prime}_{\mathrm{[CI]}(^{3}P_1 - ^{3}P_0)}/{L}^{\prime}_{\mathrm{CO}(J=1-0)})=-0.71\pm0.12$ for a subsample of 23 sources, consistent with the ratios derived for local star-forming galaxies. Together, our findings are in agreement with common conditions in the cold gas reservoirs among star-forming galaxies over a broad range in star formation modes, efficiencies, and scales.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_25167
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Vz-GAL: Probing Cold Molecular Gas in Dusty Star-forming Galaxies at z=1-6
Prajapati, Prachi
Riechers, Dominik
Cox, Pierre
Weiss, Axel
Saintonge, Amelie
Jones, Bethany
Bakx, Tom J. L. C.
Berta, Stefano
van der Werf, Paul
Neri, Roberto
Butler, Kirsty M.
Cooray, Asantha
Ismail, Diana
Baker, Andrew J.
Borsato, Edoardo
Harris, Andrew
Ivison, Rob
Lehnert, Matthew
Marchetti, Lucia
Messias, Hugo
Omont, Alain
Vlahakis, Catherine
Yang, Chentao
Astrophysics of Galaxies
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
We present the first results of Vz-GAL, a high-redshift CO(J=1-0) large survey with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array, targeting 92 Herschel-selected, infrared-luminous, dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) at redshifts 1 to 6. These sources are selected based on having redshifts and mid/high-J CO transitions from the NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array z-GAL survey. We successfully detect CO(J=1-0) emission in 90/92 galaxies at the expected positions and redshifts, including 9 tentative detections at $2σ- 3σ$ significance, and CO(J=2-1) emission in 10 of these galaxies. The CO(J=1-0) luminosities suggest apparent gas masses in the range $μ{M}_{\rm H_2}$ = $(2-20) \times {10}^{11}~(α_{CO}/{4.0})~\mathrm{M_{\odot}}$, which implies gas depletion times of $(50-600)$ Myr. These timescales show similar spread as local ULIRGs, suggesting a self-regulatory mechanism that maintains a consistent SFR per unit gas mass in starbursts across redshifts. To quantify the contribution of "excitation correction" factors to gas mass estimates, we calculate median CO line brightness temperature ratios of $r_{21}=0.88\pm0.25$, $r_{31}=0.61\pm0.22$, $r_{41}=0.49\pm0.15$, $r_{51}=0.47\pm0.13$, and $r_{61}=0.28\pm0.13$. Accounting for these corrections results in a reduced scatter in 'gas mass$-$star formation rate' relations. We also find a median log(${L}^{\prime}_{\mathrm{[CI]}(^{3}P_1 - ^{3}P_0)}/{L}^{\prime}_{\mathrm{CO}(J=1-0)})=-0.71\pm0.12$ for a subsample of 23 sources, consistent with the ratios derived for local star-forming galaxies. Together, our findings are in agreement with common conditions in the cold gas reservoirs among star-forming galaxies over a broad range in star formation modes, efficiencies, and scales.
title Vz-GAL: Probing Cold Molecular Gas in Dusty Star-forming Galaxies at z=1-6
topic Astrophysics of Galaxies
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.25167