Observation of non-Hermitian topology in cold Rydberg quantum gases
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arXiv
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2025
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| author | Zhang, Jun Wang, Ya-Jun Shao, Shi-Yao Liu, Bang Zhang, Li-Hua Zhang, Zheng-Yuan Liu, Xin Yu, Chao Li, Qing Chen, Han-Chao Ma, Yu Han, Tian-Yu Wang, Qi-Feng Nan, Jia-Dou Yin, Yi-Ming Zhu, Dong-Yang Fang, Qiao-Qiao Ding, Dong-Sheng Shi, Bao-Sen |
| author_facet | Zhang, Jun Wang, Ya-Jun Shao, Shi-Yao Liu, Bang Zhang, Li-Hua Zhang, Zheng-Yuan Liu, Xin Yu, Chao Li, Qing Chen, Han-Chao Ma, Yu Han, Tian-Yu Wang, Qi-Feng Nan, Jia-Dou Yin, Yi-Ming Zhu, Dong-Yang Fang, Qiao-Qiao Ding, Dong-Sheng Shi, Bao-Sen |
| contents | The pursuit of topological phenomena in non-Hermitian systems has unveiled new physics beyond the conventional Hermitian paradigm, yet their realization in interacting many-body platforms remains a critical challenge. Exploring this interplay is essential to understand how strong interactions and dissipation collectively shape topological phases in open quantum systems. Here, we experimentally demonstrate non-Hermitian spectra topology in a dissipative Rydberg atomic gas and characterize parameters-dependent winding numbers. By increasing the interaction strength, the system evolves from Hermitian to non-Hermitian regime, accompanying emergence of trajectory loop in the complex energy plane. As the scanning time is varied, the spectra topology becomes twisted in the complex energy plane manifesting as a topology phase transition with the sign winding number changed. When preparing the system in different initial states, we can access a nontrivial fractional phase within a parameter space that globally possesses an integer winding. Furthermore, by changing the scanning direction, we observe the differentiated loops, revealing the breaking of chirality symmetry. This work establishes cold Rydberg gases as a versatile platform for exploring the rich interplay between non-Hermitian topology, strong interactions, and dissipative quantum dynamics. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_26256 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Observation of non-Hermitian topology in cold Rydberg quantum gases Zhang, Jun Wang, Ya-Jun Shao, Shi-Yao Liu, Bang Zhang, Li-Hua Zhang, Zheng-Yuan Liu, Xin Yu, Chao Li, Qing Chen, Han-Chao Ma, Yu Han, Tian-Yu Wang, Qi-Feng Nan, Jia-Dou Yin, Yi-Ming Zhu, Dong-Yang Fang, Qiao-Qiao Ding, Dong-Sheng Shi, Bao-Sen Quantum Gases Quantum Physics The pursuit of topological phenomena in non-Hermitian systems has unveiled new physics beyond the conventional Hermitian paradigm, yet their realization in interacting many-body platforms remains a critical challenge. Exploring this interplay is essential to understand how strong interactions and dissipation collectively shape topological phases in open quantum systems. Here, we experimentally demonstrate non-Hermitian spectra topology in a dissipative Rydberg atomic gas and characterize parameters-dependent winding numbers. By increasing the interaction strength, the system evolves from Hermitian to non-Hermitian regime, accompanying emergence of trajectory loop in the complex energy plane. As the scanning time is varied, the spectra topology becomes twisted in the complex energy plane manifesting as a topology phase transition with the sign winding number changed. When preparing the system in different initial states, we can access a nontrivial fractional phase within a parameter space that globally possesses an integer winding. Furthermore, by changing the scanning direction, we observe the differentiated loops, revealing the breaking of chirality symmetry. This work establishes cold Rydberg gases as a versatile platform for exploring the rich interplay between non-Hermitian topology, strong interactions, and dissipative quantum dynamics. |
| title | Observation of non-Hermitian topology in cold Rydberg quantum gases |
| topic | Quantum Gases Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.26256 |