Information and the living tree of life: A theory of measurement grounded in biology

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1. Verfasser: Hudnall, Kevin
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2025
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author Hudnall, Kevin
author_facet Hudnall, Kevin
contents We extend a formal framework that previously derived time from the multifractal structure of biological lineages (Hudnall \& D'Souza, 2025). That work showed that time itself is multifractal -- not a universal background dimension, but an observer-dependent geometry. Here we develop the corresponding theory of measurement: showing that a multifractal conception of time not only permits measurement, but grounds it more rigorously in the structure of biology. The tree of life is modeled as the outcome of stochastic, convex branching, and we show how information-theoretic and fractal measures render its multifractal geometry into measurable, observer-relative time intervals. At the core is a dilation equation that expresses relative time elapse between entities as dimensionless ratios. Operational standards such as the SI second remain valid, but our framework makes explicit their lineage-dependence. This framework unifies measurement theory with biological form, preserves full compatibility with established science, and provides a biologically grounded theory of observation. It enables comparative analyses of duration and kinematics across lineages, with predictions that are directly open to experimental validation.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_00155
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Information and the living tree of life: A theory of measurement grounded in biology
Hudnall, Kevin
Populations and Evolution
Probability
Biological Physics
94A17, 60J80, 28A80, 92B05
We extend a formal framework that previously derived time from the multifractal structure of biological lineages (Hudnall \& D'Souza, 2025). That work showed that time itself is multifractal -- not a universal background dimension, but an observer-dependent geometry. Here we develop the corresponding theory of measurement: showing that a multifractal conception of time not only permits measurement, but grounds it more rigorously in the structure of biology. The tree of life is modeled as the outcome of stochastic, convex branching, and we show how information-theoretic and fractal measures render its multifractal geometry into measurable, observer-relative time intervals. At the core is a dilation equation that expresses relative time elapse between entities as dimensionless ratios. Operational standards such as the SI second remain valid, but our framework makes explicit their lineage-dependence. This framework unifies measurement theory with biological form, preserves full compatibility with established science, and provides a biologically grounded theory of observation. It enables comparative analyses of duration and kinematics across lineages, with predictions that are directly open to experimental validation.
title Information and the living tree of life: A theory of measurement grounded in biology
topic Populations and Evolution
Probability
Biological Physics
94A17, 60J80, 28A80, 92B05
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.00155