Towards Verifiable Federated Unlearning: Framework, Challenges, and The Road Ahead

Fuente: arXiv
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Auteurs principaux: Nguyen, Thanh Linh, de Oliveira, Marcela Tuler, Braeken, An, Ding, Aaron Yi, Pham, Quoc-Viet
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2025
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author Nguyen, Thanh Linh
de Oliveira, Marcela Tuler
Braeken, An
Ding, Aaron Yi
Pham, Quoc-Viet
author_facet Nguyen, Thanh Linh
de Oliveira, Marcela Tuler
Braeken, An
Ding, Aaron Yi
Pham, Quoc-Viet
contents Federated unlearning (FUL) enables removing the data influence from the model trained across distributed clients, upholding the right to be forgotten as mandated by privacy regulations. FUL facilitates a value exchange where clients gain privacy-preserving control over their data contributions, while service providers leverage decentralized computing and data freshness. However, this entire proposition is undermined because clients have no reliable way to verify that their data influence has been provably removed, as current metrics and simple notifications offer insufficient assurance. We envision unlearning verification becoming a pivotal and trust-by-design part of the FUL life-cycle development, essential for highly regulated and data-sensitive services and applications like healthcare. This article introduces veriFUL, a reference framework for verifiable FUL that formalizes verification entities, goals, approaches, and metrics. Specifically, we consolidate existing efforts and contribute new insights, concepts, and metrics to this domain. Finally, we highlight research challenges and identify potential applications and developments for verifiable FUL and veriFUL. This article aims to provide a comprehensive resource for researchers and practitioners to navigate and advance the field of verifiable FUL.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_00833
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Towards Verifiable Federated Unlearning: Framework, Challenges, and The Road Ahead
Nguyen, Thanh Linh
de Oliveira, Marcela Tuler
Braeken, An
Ding, Aaron Yi
Pham, Quoc-Viet
Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing
Artificial Intelligence
Federated unlearning (FUL) enables removing the data influence from the model trained across distributed clients, upholding the right to be forgotten as mandated by privacy regulations. FUL facilitates a value exchange where clients gain privacy-preserving control over their data contributions, while service providers leverage decentralized computing and data freshness. However, this entire proposition is undermined because clients have no reliable way to verify that their data influence has been provably removed, as current metrics and simple notifications offer insufficient assurance. We envision unlearning verification becoming a pivotal and trust-by-design part of the FUL life-cycle development, essential for highly regulated and data-sensitive services and applications like healthcare. This article introduces veriFUL, a reference framework for verifiable FUL that formalizes verification entities, goals, approaches, and metrics. Specifically, we consolidate existing efforts and contribute new insights, concepts, and metrics to this domain. Finally, we highlight research challenges and identify potential applications and developments for verifiable FUL and veriFUL. This article aims to provide a comprehensive resource for researchers and practitioners to navigate and advance the field of verifiable FUL.
title Towards Verifiable Federated Unlearning: Framework, Challenges, and The Road Ahead
topic Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing
Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.00833