Feeding frenzy in the mighty black holes: what we could learn from them?
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866914071416143872 |
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| author | Panda, Swayamtrupta Gonçalves, Hygor Benati Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa Śniegowska, Marzena Czerny, Bożena Bon, Edi Marziani, Paola Bon, Nataša Ardila, Alberto Rodríguez May, Daniel Faría, Marcos Fonseca Fraga, Luciano Nuñez, Francisco Pozo Bañados, Eduardo Heidt, Jochen Garnica, Karla Dultzin, Deborah |
| author_facet | Panda, Swayamtrupta Gonçalves, Hygor Benati Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa Śniegowska, Marzena Czerny, Bożena Bon, Edi Marziani, Paola Bon, Nataša Ardila, Alberto Rodríguez May, Daniel Faría, Marcos Fonseca Fraga, Luciano Nuñez, Francisco Pozo Bañados, Eduardo Heidt, Jochen Garnica, Karla Dultzin, Deborah |
| contents | Eddington ratio is a paramount parameter governing the accretion history and life cycles of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs). This short review presents a multi-faceted view of the importance of the Eddington ratio spanning varied AGN studies. We find that the Eddington ratio is crucial for standardizing the Radius-Luminosity (R-L) relation - a necessary step for employing quasars (QSOs) as standardizable cosmological probes to help clarify the standing of the Hubble tension. In this data-driven era, we consolidated disparate aspects by developing novel relations borne out of large datasets, such as the robust, nearly universal anti-correlation between fractional variability and Eddington ratio derived from Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) data, which is vital for interpreting forthcoming high-cadence surveys like Rubin Observatory's LSST. Addressing the conundrum where JWST results suggest an overabundance of massive high-redshift black holes, we demonstrate that local AGNs offer clarification: Changing-Look AGNs (CLAGNs), driven by rapid Eddington ratio shifts, cluster in the low-accretion regime, a rate independently confirmed by our integral field spectroscopy and photoionization modeling of a well-known Seyfert 2 galaxy, rich in high-ionization, forbidden, coronal lines. Conversely, for the high-redshift, high-luminosity population where traditional reverberation mapping (RM) is highly impractical, photometric reverberation mapping (PRM) offers a rapid alternative to constrain accretion disk sizes, enabling efficient estimates of black hole masses and Eddington ratios. Finally, we developed tailored semi-empirical spectral energy distributions (SEDs) for extremely high-accretion quasars, successfully validating their characteristic extreme physical conditions. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_01486 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Feeding frenzy in the mighty black holes: what we could learn from them? Panda, Swayamtrupta Gonçalves, Hygor Benati Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa Śniegowska, Marzena Czerny, Bożena Bon, Edi Marziani, Paola Bon, Nataša Ardila, Alberto Rodríguez May, Daniel Faría, Marcos Fonseca Fraga, Luciano Nuñez, Francisco Pozo Bañados, Eduardo Heidt, Jochen Garnica, Karla Dultzin, Deborah Astrophysics of Galaxies Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Eddington ratio is a paramount parameter governing the accretion history and life cycles of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs). This short review presents a multi-faceted view of the importance of the Eddington ratio spanning varied AGN studies. We find that the Eddington ratio is crucial for standardizing the Radius-Luminosity (R-L) relation - a necessary step for employing quasars (QSOs) as standardizable cosmological probes to help clarify the standing of the Hubble tension. In this data-driven era, we consolidated disparate aspects by developing novel relations borne out of large datasets, such as the robust, nearly universal anti-correlation between fractional variability and Eddington ratio derived from Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) data, which is vital for interpreting forthcoming high-cadence surveys like Rubin Observatory's LSST. Addressing the conundrum where JWST results suggest an overabundance of massive high-redshift black holes, we demonstrate that local AGNs offer clarification: Changing-Look AGNs (CLAGNs), driven by rapid Eddington ratio shifts, cluster in the low-accretion regime, a rate independently confirmed by our integral field spectroscopy and photoionization modeling of a well-known Seyfert 2 galaxy, rich in high-ionization, forbidden, coronal lines. Conversely, for the high-redshift, high-luminosity population where traditional reverberation mapping (RM) is highly impractical, photometric reverberation mapping (PRM) offers a rapid alternative to constrain accretion disk sizes, enabling efficient estimates of black hole masses and Eddington ratios. Finally, we developed tailored semi-empirical spectral energy distributions (SEDs) for extremely high-accretion quasars, successfully validating their characteristic extreme physical conditions. |
| title | Feeding frenzy in the mighty black holes: what we could learn from them? |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01486 |