First passage times to T cell activation
Fuente:
arXiv
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| Autori principali: | , , , |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2025
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| Soggetti: | |
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| _version_ | 1866912622936326144 |
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| author | Wong, Tony Cho, Ikchang D'Orsogna, Maria R. Chou, Tom |
| author_facet | Wong, Tony Cho, Ikchang D'Orsogna, Maria R. Chou, Tom |
| contents | Effective recognition of foreign antigens by the adaptive immune system relies on T cells being activated by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in lymph nodes. Here, diffusing T cells may encounter cognate APCs that present matching antigen fragments or non-cognate ones that do not; they are also subject to degradation. We develop a stochastic model in which T cell-APCs interact via a sequence of recognition steps, represented as a multistage Markov chain. T cells are successfully activated only if the terminal state associated with a cognate APC is reached. We compute the probability of successful activation in the presence of interfering non-cognate APCs, T cell degradation, and lymph node exit, and analyze the mean first-passage time to activation. We also incorporate a kinetic proofreading mechanism that enables state resetting, and show how this enhances specificity toward cognate APCs. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_01694 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | First passage times to T cell activation Wong, Tony Cho, Ikchang D'Orsogna, Maria R. Chou, Tom Quantitative Methods Cell Behavior 35K57, 35Q92, 60J70, 92C17, 92C37 Effective recognition of foreign antigens by the adaptive immune system relies on T cells being activated by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in lymph nodes. Here, diffusing T cells may encounter cognate APCs that present matching antigen fragments or non-cognate ones that do not; they are also subject to degradation. We develop a stochastic model in which T cell-APCs interact via a sequence of recognition steps, represented as a multistage Markov chain. T cells are successfully activated only if the terminal state associated with a cognate APC is reached. We compute the probability of successful activation in the presence of interfering non-cognate APCs, T cell degradation, and lymph node exit, and analyze the mean first-passage time to activation. We also incorporate a kinetic proofreading mechanism that enables state resetting, and show how this enhances specificity toward cognate APCs. |
| title | First passage times to T cell activation |
| topic | Quantitative Methods Cell Behavior 35K57, 35Q92, 60J70, 92C17, 92C37 |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01694 |