Test-Time Anchoring for Discrete Diffusion Posterior Sampling

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Rout, Litu, Lugmayr, Andreas, Jafarian, Yasamin, Varadharajan, Srivatsan, Caramanis, Constantine, Shakkottai, Sanjay, Kemelmacher-Shlizerman, Ira
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866917233111859200
author Rout, Litu
Lugmayr, Andreas
Jafarian, Yasamin
Varadharajan, Srivatsan
Caramanis, Constantine
Shakkottai, Sanjay
Kemelmacher-Shlizerman, Ira
author_facet Rout, Litu
Lugmayr, Andreas
Jafarian, Yasamin
Varadharajan, Srivatsan
Caramanis, Constantine
Shakkottai, Sanjay
Kemelmacher-Shlizerman, Ira
contents While continuous diffusion models have achieved remarkable success, discrete diffusion offers a unified framework for jointly modeling text and images. Beyond unification, discrete diffusion provides faster inference, finer control, and principled training-free guidance, making it well-suited for posterior sampling. Existing approaches to posterior sampling using discrete diffusion face severe challenges: derivative-free guidance yields sparse signals, continuous relaxations limit applicability, and split Gibbs samplers suffer from the curse of dimensionality. To overcome these limitations, we introduce Anchored Posterior Sampling (APS), built on two key innovations: quantized expectation for gradient-like guidance in discrete embedding space, and anchored remasking for adaptive decoding. APS achieves state-of-the-art performance among discrete diffusion samplers on both linear and nonlinear inverse problems across the standard image benchmarks. We demonstrate the generality of APS through training-free stylization and text-guided editing. We further apply APS to a large-scale diffusion language model, showing consistent improvement in question answering.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_02291
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Test-Time Anchoring for Discrete Diffusion Posterior Sampling
Rout, Litu
Lugmayr, Andreas
Jafarian, Yasamin
Varadharajan, Srivatsan
Caramanis, Constantine
Shakkottai, Sanjay
Kemelmacher-Shlizerman, Ira
Machine Learning
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
While continuous diffusion models have achieved remarkable success, discrete diffusion offers a unified framework for jointly modeling text and images. Beyond unification, discrete diffusion provides faster inference, finer control, and principled training-free guidance, making it well-suited for posterior sampling. Existing approaches to posterior sampling using discrete diffusion face severe challenges: derivative-free guidance yields sparse signals, continuous relaxations limit applicability, and split Gibbs samplers suffer from the curse of dimensionality. To overcome these limitations, we introduce Anchored Posterior Sampling (APS), built on two key innovations: quantized expectation for gradient-like guidance in discrete embedding space, and anchored remasking for adaptive decoding. APS achieves state-of-the-art performance among discrete diffusion samplers on both linear and nonlinear inverse problems across the standard image benchmarks. We demonstrate the generality of APS through training-free stylization and text-guided editing. We further apply APS to a large-scale diffusion language model, showing consistent improvement in question answering.
title Test-Time Anchoring for Discrete Diffusion Posterior Sampling
topic Machine Learning
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.02291