Towards Secure ISAC Beamforming: How Many Dedicated Sensing Beams Are Required?
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866916990228103168 |
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| author | Xia, Fanghao Fei, Zesong Wang, Xinyi Su, Nanchi Wang, Zhaolin Liu, Yuanwei Xu, Jie |
| author_facet | Xia, Fanghao Fei, Zesong Wang, Xinyi Su, Nanchi Wang, Zhaolin Liu, Yuanwei Xu, Jie |
| contents | In this paper, sensing-assisted secure communication in a multi-user multi-eavesdropper integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system is investigated. Confidential communication signals and dedicated sensing signals are jointly transmitted by a base station (BS) to simultaneously serve users and sense aerial eavesdroppers (AEs). A sum rate maximization problem is formulated under AEs' Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) and sensing Signal-to-Clutter-plus-Noise Ratio (SCNR) constraints. A fractional-programming-based alternating optimization algorithm is developed to solve this problem for fully digital arrays, where successive convex approximation (SCA) and semidefinite relaxation (SDR) are leveraged to handle non-convex constraints. Furthermore, the minimum number of dedicated sensing beams is analyzed via a worst-case rank bound, upon which the proposed beamforming design is further extended to the hybrid analog-digital (HAD) array architecture, where the unit-modulus constraint is addressed by manifold optimization. Simulation results demonstrate that only a small number of sensing beams are sufficient for both sensing and jamming AEs, and the proposed designs consistently outperform strong baselines while also revealing the communication-sensing trade-off. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_03749 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Towards Secure ISAC Beamforming: How Many Dedicated Sensing Beams Are Required? Xia, Fanghao Fei, Zesong Wang, Xinyi Su, Nanchi Wang, Zhaolin Liu, Yuanwei Xu, Jie Signal Processing In this paper, sensing-assisted secure communication in a multi-user multi-eavesdropper integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system is investigated. Confidential communication signals and dedicated sensing signals are jointly transmitted by a base station (BS) to simultaneously serve users and sense aerial eavesdroppers (AEs). A sum rate maximization problem is formulated under AEs' Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) and sensing Signal-to-Clutter-plus-Noise Ratio (SCNR) constraints. A fractional-programming-based alternating optimization algorithm is developed to solve this problem for fully digital arrays, where successive convex approximation (SCA) and semidefinite relaxation (SDR) are leveraged to handle non-convex constraints. Furthermore, the minimum number of dedicated sensing beams is analyzed via a worst-case rank bound, upon which the proposed beamforming design is further extended to the hybrid analog-digital (HAD) array architecture, where the unit-modulus constraint is addressed by manifold optimization. Simulation results demonstrate that only a small number of sensing beams are sufficient for both sensing and jamming AEs, and the proposed designs consistently outperform strong baselines while also revealing the communication-sensing trade-off. |
| title | Towards Secure ISAC Beamforming: How Many Dedicated Sensing Beams Are Required? |
| topic | Signal Processing |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.03749 |