The Artificial Intelligence Cognitive Examination: A Survey on the Evolution of Multimodal Evaluation from Recognition to Reasoning

Fuente: arXiv

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Ravishankara, Mayank, Maharaj, Varindra V. Persad
Format:	Preprint
Published:	2025
Subjects:	Artificial Intelligence
Online Access:	Acceder al recurso
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

CircuChain: Disentangling Competence and Compliance in LLM Circuit Analysis
by: Ravishankara, Mayank
Published: (2026)

FVA-RAG: Falsification-Verification Alignment for Mitigating Sycophantic Hallucinations
by: Ravishankara, Mayank
Published: (2025)

An Analysis of Artificial Intelligence Adoption in NIH-Funded Research
by: Nananukul, Navapat, et al.
Published: (2026)

A Survey on Verification and Validation, Testing and Evaluations of Neurosymbolic Artificial Intelligence
by: Renkhoff, Justus, et al.
Published: (2024)

GRASP: A Grid-Based Benchmark for Evaluating Commonsense Spatial Reasoning
by: Tang, Zhisheng, et al.
Published: (2024)

Artificial Intelligence in Landscape Architecture: A Survey
by: Xing, Yue, et al.
Published: (2024)

Theoretical Foundations for Semantic Cognition in Artificial Intelligence
by: Dumbrava, Sebastian
Published: (2025)

From Perception to Cognition: A Survey of Vision-Language Interactive Reasoning in Multimodal Large Language Models
by: Zhou, Chenyue, et al.
Published: (2025)

Artificial Intelligence of Things: A Survey
by: Siam, Shakhrul Iman, et al.
Published: (2024)

A Generic Review of Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
by: Jiang, Meng, et al.
Published: (2024)

The Evolution and Future Perspectives of Artificial Intelligence Generated Content
by: Zhu, Chengzhang, et al.
Published: (2024)

Quantum Artificial Intelligence: A Brief Survey
by: Klusch, Matthias, et al.
Published: (2024)

A Survey of Multimodal Mathematical Reasoning: From Perception, Alignment to Reasoning
by: Yang, Tianyu, et al.
Published: (2026)

Lightweight Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Framework for Maritime Multi-Scene Recognition
by: Xi, Xinyu, et al.
Published: (2025)

Memory Bear AI A Breakthrough from Memory to Cognition Toward Artificial General Intelligence
by: Wen, Deliang, et al.
Published: (2025)

Generative Artificial Intelligence for Internet of Things Computing: A Systematic Survey
by: Mangione, Fabrizio, et al.
Published: (2025)

Artificial Intelligence Approaches for Predictive Maintenance in the Steel Industry: A Survey
by: Jakubowski, Jakub, et al.
Published: (2024)

Model-Grounded Symbolic Artificial Intelligence Systems Learning and Reasoning with Model-Grounded Symbolic Artificial Intelligence Systems
by: Chattopadhyay, Aniruddha, et al.
Published: (2025)

XAI-CF -- Examining the Role of Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Cyber Forensics
by: Alam, Shahid, et al.
Published: (2024)

From Statistical Relational to Neurosymbolic Artificial Intelligence: a Survey
by: Marra, Giuseppe, et al.
Published: (2021)

The Animal-AI Environment: A Virtual Laboratory For Comparative Cognition and Artificial Intelligence Research
by: Voudouris, Konstantinos, et al.
Published: (2023)

A Review of Findings from Neuroscience and Cognitive Psychology as Possible Inspiration for the Path to Artificial General Intelligence
by: Leon, Florin
Published: (2024)

Multimodality Representation Learning: A Survey on Evolution, Pretraining and Its Applications
by: Manzoor, Muhammad Arslan, et al.
Published: (2023)

Autonomous Vehicles: Evolution of Artificial Intelligence and Learning Algorithms
by: Garikapati, Divya, et al.
Published: (2024)

Rethinking Cognition: Morphological Info-Computation and the Embodied Paradigm in Life and Artificial Intelligence
by: Dodig-Crnkovic, Gordana
Published: (2024)

Concept-based Explainable Artificial Intelligence: A Survey
by: Poeta, Eleonora, et al.
Published: (2023)

The unification process of databases of categories from all Specific Artificial Intelligences for Artificial Research by Application
by: García Pedraza, Rubén
Published: (2025)

Humanlike Cognitive Patterns as Emergent Phenomena in Large Language Models
by: Tang, Zhisheng, et al.
Published: (2024)

Materials Generation in the Era of Artificial Intelligence: A Comprehensive Survey
by: Li, Zhixun, et al.
Published: (2025)

A Comprehensive Survey of Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Talent Analytics
by: Qin, Chuan, et al.
Published: (2023)

Robustness and Reasoning Fidelity of Large Language Models in Long-Context Code Question Answering
by: Maharaj, Kishan, et al.
Published: (2026)

Cognitive Cybersecurity for Artificial Intelligence: Guardrail Engineering with CCS-7
by: Aydin, Yuksel
Published: (2025)

A Comprehensive Survey and Classification of Evaluation Criteria for Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence
by: McCormack, Louise, et al.
Published: (2024)

Monotropic Artificial Intelligence: Toward a Cognitive Taxonomy of Domain-Specialized Language Models
by: Filho, Antonio de Sousa Leitão, et al.
Published: (2026)

Deep Learning Approaches for Multimodal Intent Recognition: A Survey
by: Zhao, Jingwei, et al.
Published: (2025)

The Pursuit of Fairness in Artificial Intelligence Models: A Survey
by: Kheya, Tahsin Alamgir, et al.
Published: (2024)

Thinking Beyond Tokens: From Brain-Inspired Intelligence to Cognitive Foundations for Artificial General Intelligence and its Societal Impact
by: Qureshi, Rizwan, et al.
Published: (2025)

Bridging the Gap: Toward Cognitive Autonomy in Artificial Intelligence
by: Golilarz, Noorbakhsh Amiri, et al.
Published: (2025)

Large Language Models Meet Legal Artificial Intelligence: A Survey
by: Hou, Zhitian, et al.
Published: (2025)

if (filemtime($filename) + $maxlifetime < time()) { unlink($filename); $count++; } } return $count; } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool { $sessFile = $this->path . '/sess_' . $sessId; if ($handle = fopen($sessFile, 'w')) { $return = false; // Lock the file for exclusive access to avoid issues with multiple // processes writing session simultaneously: if (flock($handle, LOCK_EX)) { $return = fwrite($handle, $data); // Make sure that there's no trailing data by truncating the file to // the correct length: ftruncate($handle, strlen($data)); fflush($handle); flock($handle, LOCK_UN); } fclose($handle); if ($return !== false) { return true; } } // If we got this far, something went wrong with the file output... // It is tempting to throw an exception here, but this code is called // outside of the context of exception handling, so all we can do is // echo a message.

// Anecdotal testing Today and Yesterday seems to indicate destroy() // is called by the garbage collector and everything is good. // Something to keep in mind though. return 0; } /** * Write function that is called when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ public function write($sessId, $data): bool { if ($this->writesDisabled) { return true; } return $this->saveSession($sessId, $data); } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ abstract protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool; }

* * @return void */ public function writeClose() { // The assumption is that we're using PHP's ext/session. // session_write_close() will actually overwrite $_SESSION with an // empty array on completion -- which leads to a mismatch between what // is in the storage object and $_SESSION. To get around this, we // temporarily reset $_SESSION to an array, and then re-link it to // the storage object. // // Additionally, while you _can_ write to $_SESSION following a // session_write_close() operation, no changes made to it will be // flushed to the session handler. As such, we now mark the storage // object isImmutable. $storage = $this->getStorage(); if (! $storage->isImmutable()) { $_SESSION = $storage->toArray(true); session_write_close(); $storage->fromArray($_SESSION); $storage->markImmutable(); } } /** * Attempt to set the session name * * If the session has already been started, or if the name provided fails * validation, an exception will be raised. * * @param string $name * @return SessionManager * @throws Exception\InvalidArgumentException */ public function setName($name) { if ($this->sessionExists()) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException( 'Cannot set session name after a session has already started'

Environment & details:

GET Data empty

POST Data empty

Files empty

Key	Value
VUFIND_SESSION	"df2d858ae13d18420aaa35382b8b8c4b"
language	"en"
ui	"standard"

Session

Key	Value
__Laminas	array:2 [`"_REQUEST_ACCESS_TIME" => 1790990297.8388 "_VALID" => array:1 [ "Laminas\Session\Validator\Id" => "df2d858ae13d18420aaa35382b8b8c4b" ]`]
SessionState	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#938}
FlashMessenger	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#1433}
SessionHelper	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#1759}

Server/Request Data

Key	Value
REDIRECT_VUFIND_LOCAL_DIR	"/usr/local/vufind/local"
REDIRECT_HTTPS	"on"
REDIRECT_SSL_TLS_SNI	"info.umar.mx"
REDIRECT_STATUS	"200"
VUFIND_LOCAL_DIR	"/usr/local/vufind/local"
HTTPS	"on"
SSL_TLS_SNI	"info.umar.mx"
HTTP_ACCEPT	"/"
HTTP_USER_AGENT	"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
HTTP_COOKIE	"VUFIND_SESSION=df2d858ae13d18420aaa35382b8b8c4b; language=en; ui=standard"
HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING	"gzip, br, zstd, deflate"
HTTP_HOST	"info.umar.mx"
PATH	"/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/snap/bin"
SERVER_SIGNATURE	"<address>Apache/2.4.66 (Ubuntu) Server at info.umar.mx Port 443</address>\n"
SERVER_SOFTWARE	"Apache/2.4.66 (Ubuntu)"
SERVER_NAME	"info.umar.mx"
SERVER_ADDR	"200.23.222.19"
SERVER_PORT	"443"
REMOTE_ADDR	"216.73.217.142"
DOCUMENT_ROOT	"/usr/local/vufind/public"
REQUEST_SCHEME	"https"
CONTEXT_PREFIX	""
CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT	"/usr/local/vufind/public"
SERVER_ADMIN	"admin@localhost"
SCRIPT_FILENAME	"/usr/local/vufind/public/index.php"
REMOTE_PORT	"4349"
REDIRECT_URL	""" /Record/\n arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_04141/Similar """
GATEWAY_INTERFACE	"CGI/1.1"
SERVER_PROTOCOL	"HTTP/1.1"
REQUEST_METHOD	"GET"
QUERY_STRING	""
REQUEST_URI	"/Record/%0Aarxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_04141/Similar"
SCRIPT_NAME	"/index.php"
PHP_SELF	"/index.php"
REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT	1790990297.8259
REQUEST_TIME	1790990297

Environment Variables empty

Registered Handlers

0. Whoops\Handler\PrettyPageHandler

Environment & details:

GET Data empty

POST Data empty

Files empty

Key	Value
VUFIND_SESSION	"df2d858ae13d18420aaa35382b8b8c4b"
language	"en"
ui	"standard"

Session

Key	Value
__Laminas	array:2 [`"_REQUEST_ACCESS_TIME" => 1790990297.8388 "_VALID" => array:1 [ "Laminas\Session\Validator\Id" => "df2d858ae13d18420aaa35382b8b8c4b" ]`]
SessionState	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#938}
FlashMessenger	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#1433}
SessionHelper	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#1759}

Server/Request Data

Key	Value
REDIRECT_VUFIND_LOCAL_DIR	"/usr/local/vufind/local"
REDIRECT_HTTPS	"on"
REDIRECT_SSL_TLS_SNI	"info.umar.mx"
REDIRECT_STATUS	"200"
VUFIND_LOCAL_DIR	"/usr/local/vufind/local"
HTTPS	"on"
SSL_TLS_SNI	"info.umar.mx"
HTTP_ACCEPT	"/"
HTTP_USER_AGENT	"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
HTTP_COOKIE	"VUFIND_SESSION=df2d858ae13d18420aaa35382b8b8c4b; language=en; ui=standard"
HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING	"gzip, br, zstd, deflate"
HTTP_HOST	"info.umar.mx"
PATH	"/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/snap/bin"
SERVER_SIGNATURE	"<address>Apache/2.4.66 (Ubuntu) Server at info.umar.mx Port 443</address>\n"
SERVER_SOFTWARE	"Apache/2.4.66 (Ubuntu)"
SERVER_NAME	"info.umar.mx"
SERVER_ADDR	"200.23.222.19"
SERVER_PORT	"443"
REMOTE_ADDR	"216.73.217.142"
DOCUMENT_ROOT	"/usr/local/vufind/public"
REQUEST_SCHEME	"https"
CONTEXT_PREFIX	""
CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT	"/usr/local/vufind/public"
SERVER_ADMIN	"admin@localhost"
SCRIPT_FILENAME	"/usr/local/vufind/public/index.php"
REMOTE_PORT	"4349"
REDIRECT_URL	""" /Record/\n arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_04141/Similar """
GATEWAY_INTERFACE	"CGI/1.1"
SERVER_PROTOCOL	"HTTP/1.1"
REQUEST_METHOD	"GET"
QUERY_STRING	""
REQUEST_URI	"/Record/%0Aarxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_04141/Similar"
SCRIPT_NAME	"/index.php"
PHP_SELF	"/index.php"
REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT	1790990297.8259
REQUEST_TIME	1790990297

Environment Variables empty

Registered Handlers

0. Whoops\Handler\PrettyPageHandler

Similar Items

Similar Items

Environment & details:

Environment & details: