Computing frustration and near-monotonicity in deep neural networks

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Wendin, Joel, Larsson, Erik G., Altafini, Claudio
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2025
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author Wendin, Joel
Larsson, Erik G.
Altafini, Claudio
author_facet Wendin, Joel
Larsson, Erik G.
Altafini, Claudio
contents For the signed graph associated to a deep neural network, one can compute the frustration level, i.e., test how close or distant the graph is to structural balance. For all the pretrained deep convolutional neural networks we consider, we find that the frustration is always less than expected from null models. From a statistical physics point of view, and in particular in reference to an Ising spin glass model, the reduced frustration indicates that the amount of disorder encoded in the network is less than in the null models. From a functional point of view, low frustration (i.e., proximity to structural balance) means that the function representing the network behaves near-monotonically, i.e., more similarly to a monotone function than in the null models. Evidence of near-monotonic behavior along the partial order determined by frustration is observed for all networks we consider. This confirms that the class of deep convolutional neural networks tends to have a more ordered behavior than expected from null models, and suggests a novel form of implicit regularization.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_05286
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Computing frustration and near-monotonicity in deep neural networks
Wendin, Joel
Larsson, Erik G.
Altafini, Claudio
Machine Learning
Disordered Systems and Neural Networks
For the signed graph associated to a deep neural network, one can compute the frustration level, i.e., test how close or distant the graph is to structural balance. For all the pretrained deep convolutional neural networks we consider, we find that the frustration is always less than expected from null models. From a statistical physics point of view, and in particular in reference to an Ising spin glass model, the reduced frustration indicates that the amount of disorder encoded in the network is less than in the null models. From a functional point of view, low frustration (i.e., proximity to structural balance) means that the function representing the network behaves near-monotonically, i.e., more similarly to a monotone function than in the null models. Evidence of near-monotonic behavior along the partial order determined by frustration is observed for all networks we consider. This confirms that the class of deep convolutional neural networks tends to have a more ordered behavior than expected from null models, and suggests a novel form of implicit regularization.
title Computing frustration and near-monotonicity in deep neural networks
topic Machine Learning
Disordered Systems and Neural Networks
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05286