PointNSP: Autoregressive 3D Point Cloud Generation with Next-Scale Level-of-Detail Prediction
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866915637796798464 |
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| author | Meng, Ziqiao Wang, Qichao Dou, Zhiyang Song, Zixing Zhou, Zhipeng King, Irwin Zhao, Peilin |
| author_facet | Meng, Ziqiao Wang, Qichao Dou, Zhiyang Song, Zixing Zhou, Zhipeng King, Irwin Zhao, Peilin |
| contents | Autoregressive point cloud generation has long lagged behind diffusion-based approaches in quality. The performance gap stems from the fact that autoregressive models impose an artificial ordering on inherently unordered point sets, forcing shape generation to proceed as a sequence of local predictions. This sequential bias emphasizes short-range continuity but undermines the model's capacity to capture long-range dependencies, hindering its ability to enforce global structural properties such as symmetry, consistent topology, and large-scale geometric regularities. Inspired by the level-of-detail (LOD) principle in shape modeling, we propose PointNSP, a coarse-to-fine generative framework that preserves global shape structure at low resolutions and progressively refines fine-grained geometry at higher scales through a next-scale prediction paradigm. This multi-scale factorization aligns the autoregressive objective with the permutation-invariant nature of point sets, enabling rich intra-scale interactions while avoiding brittle fixed orderings. Experiments on ShapeNet show that PointNSP establishes state-of-the-art (SOTA) generation quality for the first time within the autoregressive paradigm. In addition, it surpasses strong diffusion-based baselines in parameter, training, and inference efficiency. Finally, in dense generation with 8,192 points, PointNSP's advantages become even more pronounced, underscoring its scalability potential. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_05613 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | PointNSP: Autoregressive 3D Point Cloud Generation with Next-Scale Level-of-Detail Prediction Meng, Ziqiao Wang, Qichao Dou, Zhiyang Song, Zixing Zhou, Zhipeng King, Irwin Zhao, Peilin Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning Autoregressive point cloud generation has long lagged behind diffusion-based approaches in quality. The performance gap stems from the fact that autoregressive models impose an artificial ordering on inherently unordered point sets, forcing shape generation to proceed as a sequence of local predictions. This sequential bias emphasizes short-range continuity but undermines the model's capacity to capture long-range dependencies, hindering its ability to enforce global structural properties such as symmetry, consistent topology, and large-scale geometric regularities. Inspired by the level-of-detail (LOD) principle in shape modeling, we propose PointNSP, a coarse-to-fine generative framework that preserves global shape structure at low resolutions and progressively refines fine-grained geometry at higher scales through a next-scale prediction paradigm. This multi-scale factorization aligns the autoregressive objective with the permutation-invariant nature of point sets, enabling rich intra-scale interactions while avoiding brittle fixed orderings. Experiments on ShapeNet show that PointNSP establishes state-of-the-art (SOTA) generation quality for the first time within the autoregressive paradigm. In addition, it surpasses strong diffusion-based baselines in parameter, training, and inference efficiency. Finally, in dense generation with 8,192 points, PointNSP's advantages become even more pronounced, underscoring its scalability potential. |
| title | PointNSP: Autoregressive 3D Point Cloud Generation with Next-Scale Level-of-Detail Prediction |
| topic | Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05613 |