Connections between Richardson-Gaudin States, Perfect-Pairing, and Pair Coupled-Cluster Theory

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Main Authors: Johnson, Paul A., Fecteau, Charles-Émile, Nadeau, Samuel, Rodríguez-Mayorga, Mauricio, Loos, Pierre-François
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Johnson, Paul A.
Fecteau, Charles-Émile
Nadeau, Samuel
Rodríguez-Mayorga, Mauricio
Loos, Pierre-François
author_facet Johnson, Paul A.
Fecteau, Charles-Émile
Nadeau, Samuel
Rodríguez-Mayorga, Mauricio
Loos, Pierre-François
contents Slater determinants underpin most electronic structure methods, but orbital-based approaches often struggle to describe strong correlation efficiently. Geminal-based theories, by contrast, naturally capture static correlation in bond-breaking and multireference problems, though at the expense of implementation complexity and limited treatment of dynamic effects. In this work, we examine the interplay between orbital and geminal frameworks, focusing on perfect-pairing (PP) wavefunctions and their relation to pair coupled-cluster doubles (pCCD) and Richardson-Gaudin (RG) states. We show that PP arises as an eigenvector of a simplified reduced Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) Hamiltonian expressed in bonding/antibonding orbital pairs, with the complementary eigenvectors enabling a systematic treatment of weak correlation. Second-order Epstein-Nesbet perturbation theory on top of PP is found to yield energies nearly equivalent to pCCD. These results clarify the role of pair-based ansätze and open avenues for hybrid approaches that combine the strengths of orbital- and geminal-based methods.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_06144
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Connections between Richardson-Gaudin States, Perfect-Pairing, and Pair Coupled-Cluster Theory
Johnson, Paul A.
Fecteau, Charles-Émile
Nadeau, Samuel
Rodríguez-Mayorga, Mauricio
Loos, Pierre-François
Chemical Physics
Strongly Correlated Electrons
Slater determinants underpin most electronic structure methods, but orbital-based approaches often struggle to describe strong correlation efficiently. Geminal-based theories, by contrast, naturally capture static correlation in bond-breaking and multireference problems, though at the expense of implementation complexity and limited treatment of dynamic effects. In this work, we examine the interplay between orbital and geminal frameworks, focusing on perfect-pairing (PP) wavefunctions and their relation to pair coupled-cluster doubles (pCCD) and Richardson-Gaudin (RG) states. We show that PP arises as an eigenvector of a simplified reduced Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) Hamiltonian expressed in bonding/antibonding orbital pairs, with the complementary eigenvectors enabling a systematic treatment of weak correlation. Second-order Epstein-Nesbet perturbation theory on top of PP is found to yield energies nearly equivalent to pCCD. These results clarify the role of pair-based ansätze and open avenues for hybrid approaches that combine the strengths of orbital- and geminal-based methods.
title Connections between Richardson-Gaudin States, Perfect-Pairing, and Pair Coupled-Cluster Theory
topic Chemical Physics
Strongly Correlated Electrons
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06144