Type and Complexity Signals in Multilingual Question Representations

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Kokot, Robin, Poelman, Wessel
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2025
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author Kokot, Robin
Poelman, Wessel
author_facet Kokot, Robin
Poelman, Wessel
contents This work investigates how a multilingual transformer model represents morphosyntactic properties of questions. We introduce the Question Type and Complexity (QTC) dataset with sentences across seven languages, annotated with type information and complexity metrics including dependency length, tree depth, and lexical density. Our evaluation extends probing methods to regression labels with selectivity controls to quantify gains in generalizability. We compare layer-wise probes on frozen Glot500-m (Imani et al., 2023) representations against subword TF-IDF baselines, and a fine-tuned model. Results show that statistical features classify questions effectively in languages with explicit marking, while neural probes capture fine-grained structural complexity patterns better. We use these results to evaluate when contextual representations outperform statistical baselines and whether parameter updates reduce the availability of pre-trained linguistic information.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_06304
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Type and Complexity Signals in Multilingual Question Representations
Kokot, Robin
Poelman, Wessel
Computation and Language
This work investigates how a multilingual transformer model represents morphosyntactic properties of questions. We introduce the Question Type and Complexity (QTC) dataset with sentences across seven languages, annotated with type information and complexity metrics including dependency length, tree depth, and lexical density. Our evaluation extends probing methods to regression labels with selectivity controls to quantify gains in generalizability. We compare layer-wise probes on frozen Glot500-m (Imani et al., 2023) representations against subword TF-IDF baselines, and a fine-tuned model. Results show that statistical features classify questions effectively in languages with explicit marking, while neural probes capture fine-grained structural complexity patterns better. We use these results to evaluate when contextual representations outperform statistical baselines and whether parameter updates reduce the availability of pre-trained linguistic information.
title Type and Complexity Signals in Multilingual Question Representations
topic Computation and Language
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06304