RetouchLLM: Training-free Code-based Image Retouching with Vision Language Models

Fuente: arXiv
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Hauptverfasser: Ye-Bin, Moon, Miles, Roy, Oh, Tae-Hyun, Elezi, Ismail, Deng, Jiankang
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2025
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author Ye-Bin, Moon
Miles, Roy
Oh, Tae-Hyun
Elezi, Ismail
Deng, Jiankang
author_facet Ye-Bin, Moon
Miles, Roy
Oh, Tae-Hyun
Elezi, Ismail
Deng, Jiankang
contents Image retouching not only enhances visual quality but also serves as a means of expressing personal preferences and emotions. However, existing learning-based approaches require large-scale paired data and operate as black boxes, making the retouching process opaque and limiting their adaptability to handle diverse, user- or image-specific adjustments. In this work, we propose RetouchLLM, a training-free white-box image retouching system, which requires no training data and performs interpretable, code-based retouching directly on high-resolution images. Our framework progressively enhances the image in a manner similar to how humans perform multi-step retouching, allowing exploration of diverse adjustment paths. It comprises of two main modules: a visual critic that identifies differences between the input and reference images, and a code generator that produces executable codes. Experiments demonstrate that our approach generalizes well across diverse retouching styles, while natural language-based user interaction enables interpretable and controllable adjustments tailored to user intent.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_08054
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle RetouchLLM: Training-free Code-based Image Retouching with Vision Language Models
Ye-Bin, Moon
Miles, Roy
Oh, Tae-Hyun
Elezi, Ismail
Deng, Jiankang
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Image retouching not only enhances visual quality but also serves as a means of expressing personal preferences and emotions. However, existing learning-based approaches require large-scale paired data and operate as black boxes, making the retouching process opaque and limiting their adaptability to handle diverse, user- or image-specific adjustments. In this work, we propose RetouchLLM, a training-free white-box image retouching system, which requires no training data and performs interpretable, code-based retouching directly on high-resolution images. Our framework progressively enhances the image in a manner similar to how humans perform multi-step retouching, allowing exploration of diverse adjustment paths. It comprises of two main modules: a visual critic that identifies differences between the input and reference images, and a code generator that produces executable codes. Experiments demonstrate that our approach generalizes well across diverse retouching styles, while natural language-based user interaction enables interpretable and controllable adjustments tailored to user intent.
title RetouchLLM: Training-free Code-based Image Retouching with Vision Language Models
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.08054